WARD 



WAR DEPARTMENT 



MRS. HUMPHRY WARD 



in 1888 to Herbert Ward. she wrote 

 books in conjunction with him, including The 

 Master oj the Magician*, Come Forth and The 

 Lost Hero. Mrs. Ward's books are invariably 

 careful in workmanship, interesting in plot and 

 helpful in their purpose. 



WARD, MRS. HUMPHRY (Mary Augusta 

 Arnold) (1851- ), the foremost woman nov- 

 elist in late English literature. Mrs. Ward and 

 her Swedish and American contemporaries. 

 Selma Lagerlof and Edith Wharton, are ranked 

 by many critics 

 as the most bril- 

 liant women 

 writers of the 

 twentieth cen- 

 tury. Mrs. Ward, 

 who is the niece 

 of the famous 

 Matthew Arnold, 

 is one of the most 

 widely read of all 

 present-day nov- 

 elists. Her novels 

 reflect the current 

 movement of 

 English thought; they are essentially stories of 

 to-day, focused around the great problems 

 religious, political, or social with which the 

 modern age is concerned. She was born in 

 Tasmania, but was reared and educated in 

 England. In 1872 she married Thomas Hum- 

 phry Ward, an author and journalist. After 

 1880 they lived in London. 



Her first literary efforts were contributions 

 to periodicals; it was not until 1888 that her 

 first successful novel, Robert Elsmerc, ap- 

 peared. This brought upon her a storm of 

 disapproval, as she was regarded as a destroyer 

 of Christian faith. Since that time her fertile 

 mind and active pen have presented to her 

 devoted reading public numerous other works, 

 among them The History oj David Grieve, 

 Marcella, Eleanor, Lady Rose's Daughter, 

 The Marriage of William Ashe, Fenwick'x 

 Career, Diana Mallory, The Case oj Richard 

 Meynell, The Coryston Family, Eltham House 

 and England's Effort (1916). Despite her phe- 

 nomenal popularity she is criticized for the 

 lack of variety in her characters and for a de- 

 ficiency of humor and spontaneity. At the 

 same time she has the gift for vivid and inter- 

 esting narrative, and her style and method of 

 construction are admirable. 



WARD, JOHN QUINCY ADAMS (1830-1910), 

 an American sculptor whose work is typically 



American in spirit and characterized by 

 strength and simplicity. He was born at Ur- 



i. Ohio, and studied in Washington and 

 New York. Before the War of Secession he 

 made portrait busts of many of the .meat lead- 

 ers in public life. In 1865 he modeled the 

 statuette The Frecdman, which became so 

 popular that thousands of copies of it were 

 sold. A trip through the Indian country pro- 

 vided him with sketches for his Indian Huntir. 

 one of his finest sculptures, now in Cent ml 

 Park, New York City. Among the other exam- 

 ples of his work found in this city are a bronze 

 statue of Shakespeare, a seated figure of Hor- 



( ireelev, and statues of George Washington 

 and Thomas Jefferson. His group The Good 

 Samaritan, commemorating the discovery of 

 the use of ether as an anesthetic, is in Boston. 

 Ward was actively identified with the noted 

 art organizations of his day; and strove unceas- 

 ingly to bring to his life work the highest 

 ideals. 



WAR DEPARTMENT, an executive branch 

 of the government of the United States, created 

 by act of Congress in 1789. It has control over 

 the army, and until 1798 also had supervision 

 of the navy. The President of the United 

 States is commander-in-chief of the army, but 

 the routine of management is in the hands of 

 the Secretary of War, a member of the Presi- 

 dent's Cabinet, who receives a salary of $12,000 

 a year. He is appointed by the President, with 

 the consent of the Senate, and ranks third in 

 the line of succession to the Presidency. Of 

 the men who have held this important office 

 the best known are Henry Knox, Henry Dear- 

 born, James Monroe, William H. Crawford, 

 Lewis Cass, William L. Marcy, Jefferson Davis, 

 Edwin M. Stanton, William T. Sherman, Elihu 

 Root and Newton D. Baker. To none of these 

 men did greater responsibilities fall than to 

 Secretary Baker, for he was at the head of the 

 War Department when America joined the 

 allies in the War of the Nations, and it was 

 his task to direct the work of raising the great 

 national army a task that involved grave; 

 problems and the working out of a multiplicity 

 of details. 



The Secretary of War. This officer has 

 charge of all military affairs, the survey, im- 

 provement and fortification of harbors, and the 

 administration of insular possessions of the 

 United States. Since 1890 he has had the aid 

 of an assistant secretary, whose salary is $5,000 

 a year. The actual management of army af- 

 fairs is in the hands of the general staff (see 



