WAR OF THE NATIONS 



6177 



WAR OF THE NATIONS 



steps in this amazing growth are shown in the 

 following fig n from a report made by 



the Secretary of War) : 



tAm. Ex. 



;. 



, MS! ' 



1.96, 



1,060,000 



1,149,000 

 1.257,000 



1.386.000 

 1.476.000 

 1.529.000 

 ' :::*.. ooo 

 r.384,004 



20.000 

 16.000 



45.000 

 65.000 



H'4. 



129,000 



176,000 

 226,000 



iss! 



120.000 



424>00 



722.000 



196)000 



1,292.000 



i. :.:,. <"" 



L.824.000 



i.r.o. 



Total. 

 190.006 



500.000 

 551.000 

 691.000 

 948.000 

 .100.000 

 .189.000 



,325,000 

 ,482.000 



1.796.000 



i.ir.3. ' 



2.112,000 



2.380, i 



8.668,000 



slooi.ooo 



S.433.000 

 S665!000 



1917. *InU. S. 



April. 1 190.000 



July 1 480.000 



August 1 516.000 



September 1 

 October 1 .. 

 November 1 

 December 1 



1918. 



January 1 . 

 Febri: 



. 1 .. . 

 April 1 .... 



May 1 



June 1 



July 1 



August 1 1.365.000 



September 1 1 



. 1.599.000 

 November 1 1,672.000 



*In United States and foreign possessions. 



'American expeditionary forces in France and 

 England. 



The Navy at Work. Immediately following 

 the beginning of the war the United States 

 navy was actively engaged, in union with Great 

 Britain and France. The submarine, menace 

 hung over the world, and it became America's 

 duty to assist in the hunt for the elusive under- 

 sea enemy. In May announcement was made 

 that numerous vessels of the navy were in 

 Eastern Atlantic waters, under command of 

 Rear- Admiral Sims, where they joined a British 

 squadron. The larger vessels of the navy, in 

 various units, were placed on patrol duty near 

 American waters, relieving French and British 

 - that had held a western watch for three 

 years. 



Soldiers in Europe. In July the arrival of 

 the first contingent of American troops in Eng- 

 land and France was announced from Washing- 

 ton. They were under the command of John J. 

 Pershing, who sailed with the rank of major- 

 general but was at once raised to the rank of 

 general. The submarine peril made it inexpe- 

 rt to disclose transport operations. Com- 

 paratively few soldiers wer.e transported in 

 American vessels, for the country did not pos- 

 sess shipping facilities. Over sixty per 

 were carried by British vessels, and about tan 

 per cent by the I'n nch 



Late in October the government announc. .1 

 that the training <>f thr rarly contingents had 

 been completed nv soil and that tin 



"boys" were starting in small contingents to th.- 

 battle line. They first occupied positions near 

 the Marne R ro on November :t th,- 



first American number, were killed in 



a surprise night attack. Five Americans were 

 lod and twelve were taken prisoner the 

 fn>t casualty list of United States troops in 

 action. 

 387 



When the much-heralded German offensive 

 of March, 1918, began, General Pershing offered 

 his entire American resources in men, munitions 

 and supplies to General Foch, head of the allied 

 forces, to be used by him in any manner de- 

 sired. It was then disclosed that over 250,000 

 men were thus added to the allied defense; this 

 force was mixed with the French and British 

 at needed points. Two months later, with 

 steady accessions to the fighting front, the fact 

 was announced that entire American divisions 



FIRST AMERICAN LOSSES 

 According to a German official report the first 

 prisoners from the United States forces were 



n before daylight on Nov. 3. along the Rl 

 Marne Canal, which crosses the battlefield 25 

 miles east of Nancy, as shown by arrow. 



were ready for battle, and that the line held 

 solely by America on the French front was 

 thud in length among the allies France first, 

 Great Britain second, America third, Belgium 

 fourth. 



By authority this summary was made in th-- 

 spring of 1918: 



"America has raised and equipped a bigger 

 army in shorter time and now hold* a greater 

 section of the fighting front, transporting 

 forces 8,009 miles across an Infested sea. In ten 

 months than Britain did In twelve months across 

 th< English Channel of less than thlt 

 We began with le**. went further, and arrived 

 with more In a shorter ti 



government had made its own port 

 in rYancr. uith accommodations for scores of 

 vessels at one time ; it built over 800 miles of 

 double-track railroad and stocked it with I" 

 equipment than any European railroad pos- 

 sesses; it built freight yards greater in extent 

 the largest in any American city, and 

 set up its own telegraph and telephone systems 

 and put 12,000 American operators in charge. It 



