WHITEFISH 



6273 



WHITE HOUSE 



Charles Wesley's derisively-named "Holy Club." 

 Ordained to the ministry in 1736, he became 

 known at once as a preacher of unusual power. 

 In 1738 he went to Georgia, in the American 

 colonies, to join John Wesley in his mission 

 work there, but returned home in the same 

 year to collect funds for an orphanage which 

 he had planned for the colony. 



The churches were closed against him be- 

 cause of his Wesleyan tendencies, and he began 

 preaching in the open air. Whitefield's success 

 was remarkable, and was repeated on his sec- 

 ond visit to America, in 1739, when he preached 

 at various places on his journey from New 

 York to Georgia. He returned to England in 

 1741, but in the meantime his doctrinal views 

 had brought about his separation not only from 

 the Episcopal Church but from Wesley as well, 

 for Whitefield held firmly to Calvinistic theo- 

 ries, which Wesley denied. In 1743, therefore, 

 he founded the Calvinistic Methodist Society. 



In his later life Whitefield visited America 

 several times, and both there and in Great 

 Britain continued his effective preaching. It is 

 said that during his life he preached over 17,500 

 sermons; many of these have been published, 

 but they are not especially striking, as read, 

 Whitefield's gift having been in forceful deliv- 

 ery. Unlike Wesley, he had not the faculty of 

 organization, and many of his followers joined 

 the Wesleyan Methodists after his death. 

 Whitefield died in Newburyport, Mass., on his 

 seventh visit to America. A.MC c. 



Consult Tyerman's Life of Whitefield, his most 

 complete biography. It is an English publica- 

 tion, no American having written of his life. 



WHITE 'FISH, a group of fresh-water fish 

 of the salmon family, inhabiting lakes and 

 streams in the northern regions of North 

 America, Europe and Asia. The whitefishes 



Till: WIIITKKISH 



are among the world's most important fresh- 

 water food fish, and among the various species 

 thr rnnnnon white fish of North America takes 

 a leading place in numbers and commercial 

 value. About 30,000,000 are caught each year 

 888 



in the Great Lakes region i:i Canada and the 

 United States, and the total value of the catch 

 is approximately $1,500,000. Because great 

 numbers of the millions of eggs deposited by 

 the fish are eaten by the yellow perch, craw- 

 fish, wild fowl and other creatures, the United 

 States Fish Commission carries on a systematic 

 method of artificial propagation of whitefish. 

 Fishing is done principally with gill nets, but 

 trap nets, pound nets and seines are also used. 



The common whitefish has an elongated, 

 compressed body, a cone-shaped snout which 

 projects beyond the lower jaw, a small, tooth- 

 less mouth and a forked tail. The color is 

 bluish-olive above and silvery below and on 

 the sides. Average specimens weigh four 

 pounds, and the largest are rarely over twenty 

 pounds in weight. The fish feed on insects, 

 larvae and shellfish, and, except at spawning 

 time, they inhabit the deeper parts of the 

 water. 



Another excellent food fish of American 

 waters is the Rocky Mountain whitefish, found 

 in numerous mountain streams and well known 

 to Western anglers. In the Arctic regions is 

 found the muksun, a very large species, and in 

 Alaskan waters, the humpback. The sault is an 

 excellent species inhabiting the lakes and 

 streams from Lake Winnipeg to Labrador and 

 southward to the Adirondack and White moun- 

 tains. Coulter's whitefish is a small species 

 discovered in 1892 in the Kicking Horse R: 

 in British Columbia. 



Consult Jordan and Evermann's Fiahes of 

 North and Middle America. 



WHITE HORSE, a town in the south-central 

 part of Yukon Territory, about fifty miles 

 north of the British Columbia boundary. It is 

 at the head of navigation on Fifty-Mile, or 

 Lewes, River, a tributary of the Yukon, and it 

 is also the northern terminus of the Wlutr 

 Pass & Yukon Railway, which runs northward 

 from Skagway, Alaska, a distance of 110 miles. 

 Though it is a copper-mining camp of consid- 

 erable size, White Horse is most important as 

 a transfer point for passengers and freight to 

 and from tin- Klondike region. It is also an 

 outfitting point for the Sushana gold fields. 

 Population in 1916, about 750. 



WHITE HOUSE, or EXECUTIVE MANSION, 

 the official home of the President of the United 

 States, in Washington, D. C. It is on Pennsyl- 

 \ mm Avenue, between the Treasury building 

 and the State. War and Navy building, and i- 

 a two-story structure of freestone, painted 

 white. In style it is colonial, and the north 



