WHITE SEA 



6276 



WHITMAN 



tinsville, noted for its artesian and mineral 

 The river is navigable to the latter city. 



WHITE SEA, an arm of the Arctic Ocean, 

 extending into Northern Russia. It has an 

 outer division extending from the Kanin to the 

 Kola peninsula, and an inner portion consist- 

 ing of Kandalak, Onega ami Dwinu baj 

 map, following page 2092). The Onega, the 

 Dwina and the Mezen are the principal rivers 

 which flow into it, and Onega and Archangel 

 are the largest cities on its banks. Archangel 

 (which see) is the most important city near the 

 Arctic Circle. 



WHIT 'LOCK, BRAND (1869- ), the Ameri- 

 can diplomat who as United States minister to 

 Belgium won world-wide admiration and grati- 

 tude for his sen-ices in the cause of humanity 

 during the early period of the War of the 

 Nations. 



As a young 

 man he had a 

 varied newspaper 

 experience in To- 

 ( )hio. and 

 in Chicago, 111., 

 after which he 

 studied law and 

 established a 

 practice in To- 

 ledo, in 1897. He 

 became mayor of 

 the city in 1905, 

 being elected on 

 an independent ticket over four rival candi- 

 dates. Serving four successive terms, he de- 

 clined a fifth in order to accept appointment 

 as minister to Belgium from President Wilson. 

 When the German army invaded Belgium in 

 1914 it placed him in a peculiarly difficult posi- 

 tion, as representative of the greatest neutral 

 power. However, he proved himself fully equal 

 to the situation. He not only supervised the 

 relief of travelers and refugees, but lent his 

 powerful influence to protect the Belgian popu- 

 lation and prevent the destruction of property. 

 He met every problem with rare tact and 

 ability, and gave such untiring devotion to 

 duty that his health broke under the strain and 

 he was forced to return to the United States. 



He has written an autobiography, published 

 in 1914, entitled Forty Years oj It, as well as 

 various novels and political monographs, 

 among these being Her Infinite Variety, The 

 Fall Guy, The Happy Average, The Gold Brick 

 and a Life oj Abraham Lincoln. He has also 

 written numerous magazine articles. 



BRAND WHITLOCK 



WHIT 'MAN, MARCUS (1802-1847), an Ameri- 

 can pioneer and missionary, was born at Rush- 

 ville, N. Y. After studying medicine at the 

 Berkshire Medical Institution at Pittsfield, 

 and practicing four years in Canada, he 

 became a missionary to the Indians. In 1836 

 he went with his wife and two explorers to 

 the site of the present city of Walla Walla, 

 Wash. The party took the first wagon over the 

 Rocky Mountains, and this led the way for 

 the great overland emigration of later days. 

 Quarreling at length occurred between his party 

 and other missionaries who soon followed, and 

 the board of missions refused further support. 

 In midwinter Whitman traveled from Walla 

 Walla to Boston, walking much of the Western 

 portion of the trip, and induced the board to 

 change its decision. Some writers have claimed 

 that he made the dangerous journey to urge 

 President Tyler to allow the territory of Ore- 

 gon to be given to Great Britain, but this has 

 been proved untrue. In 1847 the Indians mur- 

 dered Whitman, his wife and twelve com- 

 panions, probably because epidemic diseases, 

 previously unknown to the red man, had en- 

 tered the tribes through contact with white 

 settlers. 



Consult Eells' Marcus Whitman: Pathfinder 

 and Patriot; Mowry's Marcus Whitman and the 

 Early Days of Oregon. 



WHITMAN, WALT (1819-1892), an American 

 poet, born at West Hills, on Long Island, May 

 31, 1819. His ancestors for generations had 

 been men who earned their living with their 

 hands there was not a scholar among them; 

 Whitman himself 

 left the Brooklyn 

 schools at thir- 

 teen and learned 

 his father's trade 



of carpentering. SJWl'W* 1 



He also worked J\ 



as a typesetter, ,.. _ &* VlS'" 



taught school, 

 wrote for maga- 

 zines and for a if* r ^J&M* 

 short time pub- 

 lished a weekly 

 newspaper. 



His leisure he 

 spent among the 

 ferrymen and other workers of the city, study- 

 ing their life not as an outsider, but as one of 

 themselves, for the democracy which made 

 him choose these people as his companions was 

 not assumed; it was an integral part of the 



WALT WHITMAN 



