WINDPIPE 



G312 



WINDSOR CASTLE 



In ancient buildings windows were more deco- 

 rative than useful, but in modern countries 

 ornament has given place to utility, and they 

 are constructed for the purpose of admitting 

 the greatest possible amount of light and air. 

 While in private dwellings the use of orna- 

 mental architecture and stained glass is increas- 

 ing, the windows are being made larger, so 

 there remains a plentiful allowance of clear 

 glass space for the admission of light. So great 

 is the demand for windows in modern buildings 

 in America that a European traveler described 

 a towering office building as "a series of win- 

 dows held together by bricks." See ROSE WIN- 

 DOW. 



WIND 'PIPE. See TRACHEA. 



WINDSOR, win'zcr, the county town of 

 Hants County, Nova Scotia, in the central part 

 of the province. It is situated at the conflu- 

 ence of the Saint Croix and Avon rivers, a short 

 distance above the mouth of the latter in the 

 Basin of Minas. It is on the Dominion Atlan- 

 tic Railway, forty-five miles northwest of Hali- 

 fax and fifteen miles southeast of Grand Pre, 

 the heart of the land of Evangeline. Popula- 

 tion in 1911, 3,452. 



For practical purposes Windsor is a seaport, 

 for the Avon River is navigable. The town 

 stands third among Nova Scotia ports as an 

 exporter of lumber, and also has a large trade 

 in hard and soft gypsum, vast deposits of which 

 exist in the neighborhood. Among the manu- 

 facturing establishments are plaster mills, saw 

 mills, furniture and chair factories, a foundry, 

 an apple evaporating factory and a glue and 

 fertilizer factory. Windsor is also well-known 

 as the seat of King's College, which was estab- 

 lished in 1790. With the exception of Laval 

 (which see), this is the oldest college in what 

 is now the Dominion of Canada. It has always 

 been closely connected with the Church of 

 England, and until 1902 its president was re- 

 quired to be a clergyman. Under its charter 

 the Archbishop of Canterbury is its patron. The 

 school of law is at Saint John, N. B., and the 

 engineering school is at Sydney. 



WINDSOR, a city in Essex County, Ontario, 

 on the Detroit River, opposite the city of De- 

 troit. It is one of the largest manufacturing 

 communities in Canada, and its customs re- 

 ceipts are fifth in amount among Canadian 

 cities. Its strategic position, as the southern- 

 most Canadian city of importance, and its 

 proximity to the United States at the narrow- 

 est part on the* Detroit River, have combined 

 to bring to it industries of all kinds. It is the 



principal center in Canada for the manufacture 

 of automobiles and drugs, and also makes large 

 quantities of steel products, including fans, 

 blowers, wheels, brakes, adding machines, fenc- 

 ing, window sash, etc. In or near Windsor are 

 the Canadian branches of many of the best 

 known manufacturers in the United States, in- 

 cluding the Ford, Maxwell and Hupp Motor 

 Car companies, Horlick's Malted Milk Co., 

 Burroughs Adding Machine Co., Postum Cereal 

 Co., and Remington Arms Cartridge Co. The 

 plant of the Canadian Salt Company is perhaps 

 the largest of its kind in the Dominion. 



Windsor is one of the natural gateways of 

 the Dominion. In addition to passenger and 

 freight steamship lines, it is served by the 

 Canadian Pacific, the Grand Trunk, the Michi- 

 gan Central, the Pere Marquette and the Wa- 

 bash railroads, all of which are connected for 

 industrial purposes by the Essex Terminal Rail- 

 way, or Belt Line. Connecting Windsor with 

 Detroit are ferries of various kinds, including 

 several for railroad cars; some of these will 

 accommodate a dozen cars or more. Windsor 

 manufacturers use power both from natural gas 

 and from the hydro-electric system. The city 

 owns its waterworks and sewage system. Wind- 

 sor was settled in 1812, and was named for 

 Windsor Castle, in England. Population in 

 1911, 17,829; in 1915, estimated, 25,000. 



WINDSOR CASTLE, win' zer kas"l, a mag- 

 nificent royal palace at Windsor, twenty-one 

 miles from London, and the chief residence of 

 the sovereigns of Great Britain. Before the 

 Conquest the Saxon kings had their residence 



NORMAN GATEWAY, WINDSOR CASTLE 

 William the Conqueror selected the site and 

 erected the first building. 



at Old Windsor, two miles away, but William 

 the Conqueror chose the site of the present 

 structure and there built his castle. His suc- 

 cessors added to this, but Edward III had the 



