YORK 



6395 



YORK 



and quaint old houses give it a medieval as- 

 pect. Several bridges connect the city with 

 beautiful suburbs on the opposite bank of the 

 Foss River. 



The chief glory of the city is the great York 

 Minster, one of the noblest Gothic structures 

 ever built. It is in the form of a Latin cross, 

 with an extreme length of 525 feet and an ex- 

 treme width of 250 feet. A massive central 

 tower rises to a height of 213 feet. This won- 



who was descended from the fourth son of Ed- 

 ward III. Richard's claims were recognized by 

 the lords, and an act was passed providing that 

 upon the death of Henry VI the crown should 

 pass to Richard and his heirs. 



Henry's queen, Margaret of Anjou, opposed 

 this arrangement, as it disinherited her son. 

 She summoned an army to support the House 

 of Lancaster, and her adherents adopted the 

 red rose as their symbol. Many ambitious 



Genealogical Table of the Houae of York. 



Edward III 



Edward the 

 Black Prince 



Richard II . 



William of 



Hartfleld 



(died young) 



Lionel, Duke 

 of Clarence 



Philippa 

 Mortimer 



John of 

 Gaunt, Duke 

 of Lancaster 



Henrv IV 

 Henry V 

 Henry VI 



T-M ward 



Earl of 

 Somerset 



Duke of 

 Somerset 



Margaret 



Edmund, 

 Duke of York 



Richard, Earl 

 of Cambridge 



William of 



Windsor 

 (died young) 



Thomas, 



Duke of 



Gloucester 



Edmund Mortimer 

 Earl of March 



Anne 



Union of second and 

 fourth branches 



Benr 



Richard, Duke 

 of York 



d IV 



Edward V Richard Elizabeth 



George, Duke Richard III 

 of Clarence | 



Edward 

 (died young) 



Anne 



Eli; 



ibeth 



Union of Houses of Lancaster 

 and York 



Edward 



Henry Pole 

 Lord Montague 



Sir Geoffrey 

 Pol 



Arthur Pole 



Margaret 



Reginald Pole, 

 Cardinal 



Ursula 



VII 



John de la Pole, 

 Earl of Lincoln 



Edmund de la 

 Pol 



Humphrey and 

 Edward, 



Churchmen 



Richard de la 

 Pota 



dcrful cathedral dates from the eighth century. 

 but reached its present form in 1172. York 

 contains many other structures of worship, no- 

 table buildings, institutions and libraries, and 

 one of the finest railroad stations in the United 

 Kingdom. The principal manufactures arc bot- 

 tles, leather, flour, cocoa and confectionery. 

 Population in 1911, 82,282. 



YORK, HOUSE or, a royal family of England 

 which wrested the crown from the House of 

 Lancaster during the Wars of the Roses. Rich- 

 ard, Duke of York, the founder of the royal 

 line, was descended through his mother from 

 the third son of Edward III, and 

 futher from K>i ward's fifth son. II.- d.mnr.l 

 the throne, which was occupied by Henry VI, 



nobles joined the cause of the white rose, that 

 is, of the Yorkists, and the struggle between the 

 two homes lasted thirty years. Jn the first 

 conflict (1460> Richard was captured and be- 

 headed, but in the following year his son 

 tercd London and was crowned king as Ed- 

 wanl IV. 



I i 1 183 Edward was succeeded by his young 

 son, Edward V, who, after a nominal reign of 

 two months, was put aside by his ambitious 

 uncle, the Duke of Gloucester. The latter then 

 assumed the throne as Richard III. Later Ed- 

 ward and his younger brother, Richard, were 

 secretly murdered in the Tower by their uncle's 

 order. In 1485 the usurper was killed in a bat- 

 tle with Henry Tudor, Earl of Richmond, a 



