THE ANCESTRY OF THE HORSE 163 
mains of the bronze age and those found among 
the ruins of the ancient Swiss lake dwell- 
ings; but earlier still than these are the bones 
of horses found abundantly in northern Europe, 
_ Asia,and America. The individual bones and 
_ teeth of some of these horses are scarcely dis- 
tinguishable from those of to-day, a fact noted 
in the name, Hquus fraternus, applied to one 
species ; and when teeth alone are found, it is 
at times practically impossible to say whether 
they belong to a fossil horse or to a modern 
animal. But when enough scattered bones are 
gathered to make a fairly complete skeleton, it 
becomes evident that the fossil horse had a pro- 
portionately larger head and smaller feet than 
his existing relative, and that he was a little 
-more like an ass or zebra, for the latter, spite 
of his gay coat, is a near relative of the lowly 
ass. Moreover, primitive man made sketches 
of the primitive horse, just as he did of the 
mammoth, and these indicate that the horse of 
those days was something like an overgrown 
Shetland pony, low and heavily built, large- 
headed and rough-coated. For the old cave- 
dwellers of Kurope were intimately acquainted 
