LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS XV 



FIG. PAGE 



49. A paper bag tied over a flower to keep out pollen . . 93 



50. How an apple grows from the flower 94 



51. A cutting of a wandering Jew in water .... 100 



52. Cleft graft . . . . 103 



53. Shield budding . .103 



54. Shield bud set 103 



55. Whip graft 104 



56. Grafting (marching) the branches of two plants . . . 104 



57. Saddle graft at (a), veneer graft at (6) 105 



58. Increased size in plums due to hybridization . ... 108 



59. A branch of the improved beach plum 109 



60. The stoneless plum and its parents 110 



61. Shasta daisy and one of its parents Ill 



62. Double Shasta daisy 112 



63. Potato which has been allowed to sprout and grow on a dry 



table top 115 



64. Branch of a potato grown under ordinary conditions . . 116 



65. Sprout of prickly pear grown in the dark, showing leaflike 



organs . . ' 117 



66. Young squash plants . . . . . . . .118 



67. Potato plant grown in a moist dark place, and one grown in 



a very dry and sunny spot ....... 119 



68. The effect of wind on the growth of a tree .... 121 



69. Diagram showing the effect of underdrains in loosening more 



and more soil year after year ...... 130 



70. Alkali lands in San Joaquin Valley, California . . . 132 



71. The growth of wheat improves from year to year as the 



alkali land is being reclaimed by proper treatment . . 134 



72. Orange tree irrigated with artesian water, and one irrigated 



with alkali water .135 



73. Salt grass, which is found in strongly alkaline land . . 136 



74. Greasewood, a plant of strongly alkaline land . . .137 



75. Root tubercles of square pod pea 142 



76. Effect of fertilizers 144 



77. Observatory on Mt. Rose, the highest on the Pacific Coast . 151 



78. Map showing a storm entering the country (on the Pacific 



Coast), and one leaving it (on the Atlantic Coast) . . 155 



