FIG. 47. Twig of horse- 

 chestnut, more than 

 twenty years old, show- 

 ing the circular scars 

 which mark the posi- 

 tion of former bud scales. (Re- 

 duced about one half) 



FIG. 48. The two types of bud ar- 

 rangement, opposite and alternate 

 68 



