188 



AGROV.MY 



desired to multiply. Besides the simple cuttings of three or 

 more joints, there are single eye cuttings consisting of a single 

 node with its buds. These are planted in the soil, usually in 

 the greenhouse, and treated as if they were seeds. Heel cut- 

 tings are made by removing a twig with part of the old wood 

 attached to it, the latter forming the " heel." Mallet cutt'tinjx 

 are sections of the main stem with the twig attached. In 



some species, especially 

 those with very hard 

 wood, these latter root 

 more readily than the 

 simple stem cuttings. 

 In general, hardwood 

 cuttings should be set 

 so that not more than 

 one bud appears above 

 the soil. 



Layering. Layering 

 is a modification of re- 

 production by cuttings 

 used with plants that do 

 not readily strike root 

 from separate pieces. In 

 this method the twig is 

 induced to strike root, 

 while still attached to 

 the parent plant, by being bent down and covered with moist 

 soil. Often the branch is cut part way through where it is 

 covered with soil, or it may be bent or twisted, or a layer of 

 bark may be removed to further influence the production of 

 roots. The black raspberry, hobblebush, and golden bell root 

 naturally at the tips, and other plants may be made to do so. 

 This is called tip layering and is really the forming of an arti- 

 ficial stolon. In vine layering the branch may be covered with 



FIG. 138. Three forms of hardwood cuttings 



On the left, the ordinary form ; in the middle, a 

 heel cutting; on the right, a mallet cutting 



