General Management. 485 



Thorough cleanliness in regard to the feeding dishes is an absolute 

 necessity of health in the kennel. 



Pure water should always be accessible to dogs, and it should be so 

 placed that they cannot soil it. As boxes, such as two or four cham- 

 pagne boxes nailed together bottom upwards, should be kept in the yard 

 of the kennel, the water may be kept in vessels hung up against the 

 wall or railings, so that the dog has to mount the box to get at it. This 

 will insure its being kept clean. 



Exercise. This I have also noticed in Chapter XXIX. All dogs should 

 be regularly exercised ; it is cruel to keep a dog on the chain or confined 

 to house or kennel without relief or change ; and the dog being naturally 

 an active animal, when his exercise is prevented illness almost surely 

 follows. 



People who keep dogs, if obliged to keep them confined for the most 

 part, should arrange for them to have at least one hour's exercise a day. 

 Taking a pet dog out for a carriage airing is not a substitute. 



It is not always easy for men in towns to give the dogs they have in 

 preparation for shows, &c., sufficient exercise. When the development 

 of hard muscle is necessary, men living in the country possess great 

 advantages in this respect. 



When in America, as judge of the International Show, in New York, 

 May, 1880, I came across a dog exerciser of an ingenious character, which 

 was new to me, and, as it probably will also be to most readers, I give 

 an engraving and description of it here. 



I found it in use to train bull terriers for fighting, in which brutal and 

 brutalising contests both wind and muscle are required to be developed 

 to the uttermost ; but I see no reason why it should not be used for that 

 purpose here, where happily dog fighting no longer exists or is recognised 

 as a sport, unless by a few who may, at rare intervals, surreptitiously 

 indulge in their savage and depraved tastes. 



For training whippets, terriers, &c., for racing and rabbit coursing, 

 as well as dogs gradually wanted to be got into hard condition, it will 

 prove very useful, and a short "turn on the mill " daily would, I think, 

 strengthen young ones inclined to be weak in the legs, and it would 

 certainly tend to prevent wide-spreading, flat, soft feet. 



The Dog Exerciser. The harness used is something like that seen on 

 our pug dogs, crossing the front of the chest and going round the body 



