THE SPANIELS 307 



by the soil. Or does the Club contend that there is something 

 peculiar in the nature of the Sussex Spaniel which, acted upon 

 by the soil and atmosphere of Sussex, produces a golden-liver shade 

 in the hair? 



Doubtless those who are responsible for this mare's-nest have 

 observed changes in the colour of Sussex Spaniels when in other 

 parts of the country, but their deductions therefrom seem ridicu- 

 lous ; and to establish them they must, among other things, show 

 that these dogs never vary in colour in their native county, which 

 would be a fact as marvellous as their theory of climatic influence. 



Fig. 66 represents the Sussex Spaniel Moses, a dog that has 

 never been exhibited. He is descended from the Bridford and 

 Rosehill strains, and is a remarkable instance of reversion to type. 



THE ENGLISH SPRINGER 



This good old English name has been recently revived by the 

 Kennel Club to designate the old-fashioned, medium-legged Spaniels 

 of all colours that are neither Clumber nor Sussex Spaniels, and to 

 distinguish between them and the short-legged variety, which is for 

 the future to be classed under the (appropriately modern) title of 

 Field Spaniel. The title in full description of the subject of this 

 section would be : English Springer, except Clumber Sussex and 

 Field. 



" Stonehenge," in his " Manual of British Rural Sports " (i 85 8), calls 

 all large Springers that are not Clumber or Sussex, Norfolk Spaniels ; 

 but this appellation, after serious consideration, the Kennel Club has 

 finally rejected, because of the prevalent belief, deeply rooted though 

 fallacious, that the Norfolk Spaniel was always liver-and-white in 

 colour. The epithet of Norfolk was derived from a Duke of that 

 cognomen, who established an improved breed of sporting Spaniel, 

 and has nothing to do with the county in fact, it was probably 

 at first interchangeable with Sussex, the native home of the Duke 

 in question. 



We find in Harewood's "Dictionary of Sport" (1835), on P a g e 

 318, the following clear definitions: "The true English Springer 

 differs but little in figure from the Setter, except in size, being 

 nearly two-fifths less in height and strength than the Setter; 

 delicately formed, ears long, soft, and pliable, coat waving and silky, 

 the tail somewhat bushy and pendulous, and always in motion when 

 actively employed. The Cocker, though of the same race, is smaller 

 than the Springer. It has also a shorter and more compact form, 

 a rounder head, shorter nose, ears long, the limbs strong and short, 

 the coat more inclined to curl than the Springer's, and longer, 

 particularly in the tail, which is generally truncated." And again, 

 on page 314 : "The Spaniel (Cam's extrarius)" says the author of 



