528 BRITISH DOGS 



with black, and well defined ; the inside of the ears is slightly 

 tanned. There should be spots of tan on each side of the breast. 

 The fore legs are tanned up to the knee ; feet tanned, but the 

 knuckles should have a clear black line, called the u pencil mark," 

 up their ridge ; and in the centre of the tan, midway between the 

 foot and the knee, there must be a black spot, called the " thumb 

 mark," and the denser the black and the clearer in its outline the 

 more it is valued. The inside of the hind legs is tanned, and also 

 the under side of the tail ; but tan on the thighs and outside, where 

 it is often to be found, producing the appearance called " bronzed," 

 is very objectionable. The vent has also a tan spot, but it should 

 be no larger than can be well covered by the tail when pressed 

 down on it. A point on which great stress was laid until recently 

 was the cutting of the ears, and unless this was what was called 

 artistically done, there was no chance of an otherwise first-rate dog 

 winning. This custom of cropping Terriers' ears was strongly 

 deprecated by the late Mr. Dalziel and others, and no valid argument 

 in its favour could be offered by the supporters of the practice. It 

 entailed great cruelty on the dog, for in addition to the pain inflicted 

 by the actual cropping, much suffering was caused by the after- 

 manipulation of the ears, which frequently continued for many weeks, 

 in order to insure the ears being carried as Fashion dictated. Prizes 

 were from time to time offered for the best dogs with uncut ears, but 

 it too frequently happened that a dog having successfully competed 

 for these prizes was taken home and cropped, so that the object of 

 those offering them was not attained. The Kennel Club was for 

 many years urged by those who were desirous of seeing this practice 

 discontinued to take steps to put down cropping, but it was not until 

 1898 that a rule was introduced prohibiting any dog cropped after 

 a certain date from competing for prizes at shows held under the 

 Club's rules. Naturally, as no attention had been paid to the shape 

 of the ear for so many years cropping rendering this unnecessary 

 breeders have found much difficulty in breeding the ear now required ; 

 but this is a difficulty which has to a great extent been got over, and 

 one that will be altogether surmounted in course of time. 



The subject of the illustration (Fig. 106) was only seven months 

 old when the photograph was taken, and consequently was not 

 " made up," the dog, therefore, appears longer in the body than a 

 Black-and-tan Terrier should. 



The following is the Black-and-tan Terrier Club's description of 

 the variety; but the writer does not agree with the definition 

 given of the correct ears in Toys. He considers that the Toy 

 Terrier should be as nearly as possible a fac-simile in miniature of 

 the large Terrier, and that the drop ear is desirable in both, 

 although it is very difficult to obtain a neat drop ear in the Toy 

 variety. 



