CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATION 



85 



Pig*. 11. Steam turbine and speed governor 

 Courtesy De Laval Separator Co. 



jolts, making the 

 proper operation of 

 the separator impos- 

 sible. Damaged cog 

 wheels or worn 

 wheels therefore 

 should be replaced 

 by new ones at once. 

 These facts further 

 emphasize the im- 

 portance of care in 

 starting, running 

 and stopping the 

 separator. The ma- 

 chine should be started up slowly and run with a uniform 

 pressure of the hand and should be stopped gradually. 



The crank shaft of most hand separators now on the market 

 is provided with a ratchet, which allows the unhindered con- 

 tinuation of the revolution of the bowl when the crank shaft 

 stops, .and therefore guards against shocks due to sudden stop- 

 ping of the crank. However, some machines are equipped with 

 bowl brakes which, if used at all, should be applied gradually, 

 so as to prevent injury and excessive wear on the gearing 

 mechanism. 



Another important part of the mechanism efficiency and 

 durability of the separator is the lubricating arrangement and 

 its management. 



Systems of Oiling. The cream separator is a highly special- 

 ized piece of farm machinery. Its mechanical parts are com- 

 paratively delicate, its bowl revolves at a high speed, and the 

 operation of the machine is usually continuous for at least an 

 hour and often for a much longer period. These facts obviously 

 render the system of oiling a very important part of the ma- 

 chine and its operation. Absence of a proper and adequate 

 system of oiling may cause undue friction on the wearing parts, 

 resulting in misalignment and damage to the separator and un- 

 satisfactory results of its operation. 



