54 CALIFORNIA FRUITS: HOW TO GROW THEM 



Hundreds, also, have purchased large tracts of wild land and have 

 developed fine estates for their own personal gratification, with thriving 

 orchards of all kinds of fruits, rich pastures tenanted with improved 

 livestock, parks, gradens and buildings comparable with the estates 

 of the European nobility, except that California conditions favor free- 

 dom and variety in outdoor effort unknown in Europe, and command 

 proportional interest and enthusiasm. Estates for winter residences in 

 California are exceptionally desirable, not only because of natural 

 advantages and greater possibilities of development, but because of the 

 advanced standing of the State financially and socially. 



All of these lines of effort, then home-making in a small way, 

 colony enterprise and private estate development have yielded on the 

 whole great satisfaction and success. Fruit growing has been the 

 central idea in nearly all of them, but it is obvious that activity in any 

 productive line begets opportunity for other lines, and so all branches of 

 agriculture have advanced and the diversification is highly desirable. 

 Opportunities in manufacture, trade and professional effort of all kinds 

 have been quickly seized and developed with much originality and 

 success. Fruit growing has created them all and has in turn been 

 advanced by all, for every accumulation of capital promotes it. Success- 

 ful toilers in all lines become planters. The ancestral delight of the 

 race, to sit beneath one's own vine or fig tree, is nowhere more enthu- 

 siastically manifested than in California, and nowhere else does the 

 emotion of comfort in ownership yield such profound and. protracted 

 satisfaction. 



THE OUTLOOK OF THE INDUSTRY 



The outlook for California fruits and fruit products involves con- 

 siderations of much economic interest. Though the volume is already 

 large and there may be experienced now and then temporary dullness 

 or depression in this line or that, the business is on the whole brisk 

 and profitable. There is such a wide range in the fruits grown and the 

 products made from them, and such changes in local conditions in the 

 many purchasing States and foreign countries with which Californians 

 deal, that there must be some fluctuations in the values of some of 

 the supplies offered in distant market. The result is that first one fruit 

 and then another one seems to be more or less profitable. The fact, 

 however, that all are increasing in volume and the total traffic brings 

 each year more money to the State, is a demonstration of the standing 

 of the collective output. Each year new markets are found, both at 

 home and abroad, and the capacity of old centers of distribution is 

 shown to be greater than anticipated. There is every reason to expect 

 that the products can be profitably multiplied. There have been secured, 

 largely through co-operative efforts of growers, so many improvements 

 in handling and transportation that distant shipment has become more 

 safe and profitable and distribution far wider. It is reasonable to be- 

 lieve that further improvement in movement and reduction of cost 

 will be realized and the per capita consumption in the populous parts 

 of our own country proportionally advanced. In spite of all that 

 wintry States can do for local supplies, California can find open mar- 



