GRAPES GROWN IN CALIFORNIA 317 



on long pedicles. Desirable on account of its attractive appearance, curious shape, 

 excellent shipping qualities, and late ripening." Bioletti. 



White Cornichon. Resembles Purple Cornichon in shape and flavor, but has 

 very thin and tender skin, which makes it better for the table, but poorer for 

 shipping. Leaves not deeply cut ; smooth on both sides. 



Emperor. "Vine a strong, vigorous grower; leaves very large, with five shal- 

 low lobes, short, obtuse teeth glabrous above, woolly beneath, light green in 

 color; bunches very large, long conical, loose, with large, dull purple, oval, firm 

 berries." Bioletti. An excellent shipping grape, largely grown by R. B. Blowers, 

 of Woodland, Yolo county, by whom its merits were first announced. Pro- 

 nounced unsatisfactory because of irregular setting and non-ripening _ in localities 

 near the coast in Northern California, and generally condemned in Southern 

 California. Seems best adapted to interior situations and is chiefly grown for 

 shipping in the San Joaquin Valley. 



Black Ferrara. A large black grape ; large bunches ; berries cling well to the 

 stem, thick-skinned, flavor superior. An excellent local market variety and long- 

 distance shipper. 



Gros Colman; syn. Dodrelabi. "Vine strong-growing, with dark brownish 

 wood ; leaves very large, round, thick, very slightly lobed, shortly and bluntly 

 toothed, glabrous above, close-woolly below ; bunches large, short, well filled, but 

 not compact ; berries very large, round, dark blue, with thick but tender skin. 

 Remarkable as having the largest berries of any round berry variety known, 

 and is probably the handsomest black table grape grown. The grapes have good 

 keeping qualities, except that they are liable to crack." Bioletti. 



Black Morocco. "Vine a strong grower, with thin, spreading canes, leaves, 

 under medium size, very deeply five-lobed, even when very young, the younger 

 leaves truncate at base, giving them a semi-circular outline, with long, sharp 

 teeth alternating with very small ones, glabrous on both sides, bunches very 

 large, short, shouldered, and compact; berries very large, round, often angular 

 from compression, fleshy, of neutral flavor, dull purple color or colorless in the 

 center of the bunch. Remarkable for the number of second-crop bunches which 

 it produces on the laterals. Late in ripening and of very fine appearance ; a fairly 

 good shipping grape, but difficult to pack on account of the size and rigidity of 

 the bunches. The grapes are of an agreeable crispness, but lacking in flavor." 

 Bioletti.. Vine quite subject to root knot. 



Verdal; Aspiran Blanc. -"Vine of medium vigor and rather hardy; canes 

 somewhat slender and half erect; leaves of average size, glabrous on both sur- 

 faces, except below near the axis of the main nerves, sinuses well marked 

 and generally closed, giving the leaf the appearance of having five holes ; teeth 

 long, unequal, and somewhat acuminate ; bunches large to very large, irregular 

 long-conical, without any or with small shoulders, well-filled to compact; berries 

 yellowish-green, large to very large, crisp, with thick but tender skin, agreeable, 

 but without marked flavor." Bioletti. Largely grown as a late table grape; in 

 good condition ; in some regions as late as November. 



Almeria. "Vine vigorous; leaves of medium size, round and slightly or not 

 at all lobed, quite glabrous on both sides, teeth obtuse and alternately large and 

 small ; bunches large, loose or compact, irregular conical ; berries from small to 

 large, cylindrical, flattened on the ends, very hard and tasteless." Bioletti. The 

 grape cultivated at the University Experiment Stations under this name is one 

 of the several varieties which are shipped in such large quantities from Malaga 

 and Almeria packed in cork-dust. The grapes ripen late and attain about 20 per 

 cent of sugar. They have remarkable keeping Qualities. Vine needs long pruning, 

 and is only adapted to hot, interior situations. 



There are many other mnifera varieties which are grown to a lim- 

 ited extent either for raisins or for table use. Among these are the 

 Canon Hall Muscat, the White Tokay, White Champion, Cinsaut, Za- 

 balskanski, etc., for table use; the White and Black Corinth, for dry- 

 ing, of which the white is much more productive than the black, but the 

 product sells for less than our other seedless raisins and therefore is 



