GROWING THE RASPBERRY 417 



bear late in the fall, and the same cane will bear a crop early in the fol- 

 lowing spring, when its career is ended and it should be removed. 



Raspberries are planted about three feet apart in rows, and the 

 rows about six feet apart. They can be well grown nearer together 

 than is required for blackberries. 



A Raspberry Trellis. Mr. Louis F. Scribner, a well-known 

 berry grower of Pasadena, commends a double-wire trellis made in 

 this way: 



At each end of a row a post should be deeply set and firmly anchored by 

 brace or anchor wire, and a 2x3 redwood or cedar post should be set about 

 every 20 feet in the row and a wire stretched on each side about three feet from 

 the ground. These wires when stretched will be the width of the post in distance 

 apart, and serve to keep the canes erect and in the row where they belong, so 

 that cultivation and picking will not destroy the tender growth. The field 

 should be gone over at intervals and canes drawn up between the wires when 

 long enough. 



Behavior of varieties under pruning varies greatly. Surprise can be pruned 

 to advantage when dormant, but if cut back when sap is flowing and weather is 

 hot they often die. This variety will bear two crops if handled right and none 

 at all if abused. A variety like the Idaho needs very little if any cutting back, 

 and the Superlative likes to swing gracefully over the trellis. The good old 

 Cuthbert should be cut back with care, leaving as much cane as can be supported 

 by the wires. The Red Antwerp is much like the Cuthbert. The Ruby, Miller, 

 London, Herbert and St. Regis are all good varieties and require about the 

 same care. The latter variety gives out an abundant sucker growth, which is 

 not desirable when not confined. 



Varieties of the Raspberry. The old varieties have been largely 

 replaced by the Cuthbert, which is the universally popular and most 

 largely-planted sort, having been found trustworthy as a grower and 

 as a free and constant bearer. The good points of the Cuthbert, as 

 representing the experience of many California growers, include the 

 following: A profuse grower, with healthy and rich foliage, which 

 protects fruit from sunburn ; an excellent bearer with the fruit well dis- 

 tributed through the bush; the fruit comes off easily, and does not 

 crumble, is of fine flavor, arjjd ships well. The Hansel and Red Ant- 

 werp and several newer varieties are grown to a limited extent ; and the 

 Barter, a renamed variety, the identity of which is unknown, has always 

 retained a degree of popularity in the foothill region of Placer County, 

 where it first appeared. 



The Black Cap varieties thrive fairly in most parts of the State but 

 do not sell well in the markets, and are only grown for home use. The 

 golden or yellow raspberries are also out of favor because they are shy 

 bearers and cut no figure in the California product. 



Blackberry-Raspberry Hybrids. Two crosses of California ori- 

 gin have been widely distributed and have demonstrated great value. 



The Loganberry was originated by Judge J. H. Logan of Santa 

 Cruz, and is a cross between the California wild blackberry and a red 

 raspberry, thought to be the Red Antwerp. It was a chance hybrid de- 

 veloped by growing plants from the seed of the wild blackberry in 1881. 

 The plant was multiplied by its originator and fruited for more than 

 ten years, plants being meantime given to Mr. James Waters, of Wat- 

 sonville, who grew it on a commercial scale and was gratified at the 

 results of his marketing of the fruit. The variety was first given to the 



