2Qg CALIFORNIA FRUITS: HOW TO GROW THEM 



interior, though satisfactory at points on the valley borders. From 

 experience already had it seems likely that some of the Russian 

 varieties, with thick, large leaves, will prove best for such situations. 

 The behavior of the Astracans, the Duchess of Oldenburg, and 

 others of Russian origin, are illustrations of this fact. Other varie- 

 ties have been on trial for several years, but no great distribution 

 of them has yet been attained. t 



SELECTION OF VARIETIES FOR CROSS-POLLINATION 



The suspicion long held by growers that productivity of the apple 

 is largely conditioned on cross-pollination, at least in the case of 

 some leading commercial varieties, is being sustained by careful 

 tests by the pomologists of the University of California in the Wat- 

 sonville district. Results indicate that the Yellow Newtown Pippin 

 is self-fertile but is helped by cross-fertilization with the Red Pear- 

 main which is also best for the Yellow Bellflower. Red and white 

 Pearmains are virtually advantageous. The Yellow Bellflower is 

 self-sterile ; also that, though they bloom together, is not satisfac- 

 torily influenced by the Yellow Newtown. In all cases the set of 

 fruit was largely increased by providing hives of bees to act as polli- 

 nating agencies. The present inference is that planters should 

 provide potent pollinizers and not narrow down too closely in plant- 

 ing some of the varieties which the trade seems to require. 



For the Sebastopol district Mr. O. E. Bremner observes that the 

 Gravenstein, the basic local variety, is assisted in bearing by Esopus 

 Spitzenburg, and Baldwin; while Wagener, and Rome Beauty or 

 Hoover, Rhode Island Greening and Red Astracan, are well adapted 

 for alternate planting. Gravenstein is also advantaged by Delicious 

 and Jonathan 



Association for cross-pollination can be arranged with a number 

 of our most popular varieties by consulting the following dates of 

 blooming as prepared by Mr. Frederick Maskew based upon ob- 

 servations in the coast region of Los Angeles County : 



General 

 Varieties. First bloom. Full bloom. fall of bloom. 



White Winter Pearmain April 11 April 27 May 5 



Red Astracan April 17 April 30 May 12 



Bellflower April 20 April 30 May 16 



Fall Pippin April 20 May 5 May 15 



Rhode Island Greening April 20 May 5 May 15 



Kentucky Red Streak April 20 May 10 May 20 



Early Harvest April 21 May 6 May 12 



Shockly April 27 May 15 May 20 



Fameuse April 27 May 15 May 22 



Ben Davis April 29 May 15 May 23 



Wmesap May 5 May 17 June 1 



Yellow Transparent May 5 May 16 June 1 



None-such May 7 May 16 June 1 



Missouri Pippin May 10 May 20 June 1 



Alexander May 15 May 25 June 1 



Smiths Cider May 15 May 25 June 6 



Transcendent Crab Mar. 30 April 7 April 22 



Hyslop Crab April 11 April 22 April 30 



Montreal Crab April 16 April 24 May 7 



