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CALIFORNIA FRUITS: HOW TO GROW THEM 



In stump pruning there is a difference of practice as to low head- 

 ing according to locality. In the interior regions the vine is now 

 headed almost at the surface of the ground; in the coast regions 

 there is usually a stump of one or two feet or more. As with trees 

 so with vines, the practice is to prune to make lower heads than 

 during the early years of California fruit growing. 



Long Pruning. Some varieties grown for market and for raisin 

 making do not thrive if pruned by the short-spur system. Notable 

 among these are the Sultana, Sultanina, (Thompson's Seedless), 

 Emperor and Zabalskanski. Whatever the variety of vine and what- 

 ever the system of pruning to be ultimately adopted, the treatment 



^'1 



Fig. 3. Three-year-old vines after pruning. 



:he lowest of which is to be removed the fol- 



a. Average vine with two spurs. 



lowing v 



c. Vigorous vine with three spurs. 



for the first two and even three years is practically identical and is 

 that which has already been described in detail. 



Long pruning admits of degrees, but it usually signifies using a 

 five or six instead of a four-foot stake and leaving the selected canes 

 from eighteen inches to three feet longer instead of cutting back 

 to two or three buds, as in short pruning. These long canes are 

 securely tied to the long stakes. 



With varieties needing long pruning the first two or three buds 



the old wood do not bear fruit, hence the need of leaving buds 



ther removed from the old wood to secure it. This habit of the 



vine invites the practice of growing a long cane for fruit and at the 



