CALIFORNIA FRUITS: HOW TO GROW THEM 



The space between rows is occupied by cabbage, beans, corn, potatoes, 



In the second year three or four new canes come up. When these are four 

 feet high, cut off six inches, and laterals start from the leaf axis. When 

 these are thirty inches long their end buds are cut off and they send out 

 blossoms which bear fruit that fall. These same laterals bear the main 

 crop in their second year, besides sending out new laterals near the base 

 of the old ones about the time the berries are well set. The new laterals 

 bear the second crop, which comes on about the time Jhe first crop is 

 gone. The third crop, borne on the new canes, which have been cut back 

 meanwhile to three and one-half feet, blossom from August till freezing, 

 and the berries ripen from September on. 



Mr. Cannon has followed this plan with satisfaction on two or three 

 patches, the largest of which is a half-acre set seven years ago in the 

 young family orchard. The first crop from this half-acre in 1913 was 180 

 crates The second and third crops usually together equal two-fifths of 

 the first. The second is about half of the third. Two years ago the third 

 alone almost equalled the first. And the berries sometimes sell at $2.80 

 per crate after October. 



Growing Crandalls in Hedge Rows. A method which aims at 

 economy in getting a main crop, without providing for succession, 

 is that of Mr. J. B. Wagner, of Pasadena. He uses no trellises, but 

 leaves the old canes in the hedge-row to support the new growth, in 

 this way : 



On the day before berry picking, all protruding new growth is cut back 

 as close as possible to the blanket of bearing canes which covers the mat 

 of dead ones. This removes all hindrance to picking. Do not leave stubs 

 of new wood above the bearing vines, because it raises the general level of 

 bearing wood in a year or two, so high that the pickers can scarcely reach 

 over and up to the center of the row. When picking is over, both sides 

 of the hedge-row are trimmed off clean till it is left only two feet wide. 

 New growth soon leans out over this and covers it, ready for a crop next 

 year with the berries well outside and handy for the pickers. Every six 

 years he trims the whole hedge back to a height of two feet and clears 

 out all the cane over a year old, and this renews the plantation. 



Training the Mammoth. A good way with the Mammoth, 

 grown in a commercial way, is described by Mr. Tribble as follows : 



The Mammoth is one of the earliest of blackberries, very productive 

 and is one of the -most delicious. The plants are propagated from rooted 

 tips which appear on the ends of the vines during the winter months. 

 Mammoths are usually trained on a wire trellis made by driving posts at 

 each hill and nailing on cross-arms to support the wire, which is stapled 

 to each end of the cross-arms. The laterals are trained along the wire 

 about half way between the hills, and then cut off to cause them to throw 

 out fruit spurs. As soon as the crop is taken from the old canes they 

 should be taken out and the new canes trained on the trellis as before. 



Training the Himalaya. Success with the Himalaya blackberry 

 is wholly dependent upon proper pruning, and whether it be grown 

 upon an arbor or a fence or upon a low trellis, the same principles 

 must be applied. This variety bears on the same laterals year after 

 year. It is late to ripen, coming after the Mammoths are all gone. 



The main purposes in training Himalayas are to keep the canes 

 free from intertwining and the fruit accessible for picking. The 

 following is a good way to attain both these ends : 



Use two horizontal wires about two and four feet above the ground, 

 fastened securely to plenty of stakes, for the load will be heavy. During 



