LOGAN AND PHENOMENAL BERRIES 425 



develop from the leaf axils on as many as a dozen of these laterals 

 per cane. 



A Raspberry Trellis. Mr. Louis F. Scribner, a well-known 

 berry grower of Pasadena, commends a double-wire trellis made in 

 this way: 



At each end of a row a post should be deeply set and firmly anchored 

 by brace or anchor wire, and a 2x3 redwood or cedar post should be set 

 about every 20 feet in the row and a wire stretched on each side about 

 three feet from the ground. These wires when stretched will be the 

 width of the post in distance apart, and serve to keep the canes erect and 

 in the row where they belong, so that cultivation and picking will not 

 destroy the tender growth. The field should be gone over at intervals and 

 canes drawn up between the wires when long enough. 



Behavior of varieties under pruning varies greatly. Surprise can be 

 pruned to advantage when dormant, but if cut back when sap is flowing 

 and weather is hot they often die. This variety will bear two crops if 

 handled right and none at all if abused. A variety like the Idaho needs 

 very little if any cutting back, and the Superlative likes to swing grace- 

 fully over the trellis. The good old Cuthbert should be cut back with 

 care, leaving as much cane as can be supported by the wires. The Red 

 Antwerp is much like the Cuthbert. The Ruby, Miller, London, Herbert 

 and St. Regis are all good varieties and require about the same care. The 

 latter variety gives out an abundant sucker growth, which is not desirable 

 when not confined. 



Varieties of the Raspberry. The Cuthbert, the universally 

 popular and most largely planted sort, is a profuse grower, with 

 healthy and rich foilage, which protects fruit from sunburn; an ex- 

 cellent bearer, with the fruit well distributed through the bush; the 

 fruit comes off easily, and does not crumble, is of fine flavor, and 

 ships well. The Hansel and Red Antwerp and several newer varieties 

 mentioned above by Mr. Scribner are grown to a limited extent the 

 St. Regis leading because of quickly coming into bearing and long 

 seasonal production. 



The Black Cap varieties thrive fairly in most parts of the State, 

 but only limited quantities sell well in the markets. The golden or 

 yellow raspberries are also out of favor, because they are shy bearers 

 and cut no figure in the California product, but are esteemed by 

 amateurs. 



LOGANBERRY AND PHENOMENAL 



These two trailing berries, which originated in California, have 

 been for many years held to be products of hybridization, as will 

 be stated below.* Recently they have been pronounced not hy- 

 brids, but variants of the native trailing blackberry of this State. 

 In this connection the question is unimportant and may be deposited 

 with the botanists who have raised it. 



The Loganberry was originated by Judge J. H. Logan of Santa 

 Cruz, and is a cross between the California wild blackberry and a 

 red raspberry, thought to be the Red Antwerp. It was a chance 

 hybrid developed by growing plants from the seed of the wild black- 

 berry in 1881. The plant was multiplied by its originator and fruited 



*"The Logan Blackberry and Related Varieties," by George M. Darrow. Farmers' Bul- 

 letin No. 998. U. S. Dept. of Agr., 1918. 



