CAMPBELL S SOIL CULTURE MANUAL 



47 



In cut No. 1, we illustrate the common condition 

 of ordinary plowed fields. Observe the appearance un- 

 derneath the portion of the furrow that has been thrown 

 over by the mould board on the side of the next furrow. 

 This illustration shows a field that had not been disked 

 before plowing. 



Here is the stubble, weeds and clods that Kave rolled 



Cut No. 2. Surface of Soil Harrowed but without Sub-Packing. 



from the next furrow, while right at the point where the 

 furrow is tipped over the soil is firm from the bottom up. 

 The usual manner of further preparing this ground is by 

 the use of the harrow. This has a tendency to level, 

 and, if shallow plowed, to work the ground down fairly 

 well at the bottom of the plowing. In deep plowing, 

 of six or more inches, the harrow has but little effect 

 upon these cavities underneath. This is a very serious prop- 

 osition, and it is the source of many bad conditions which 



