214 CAMPBELL'S SOIL CULTURE MANUAL 



yet during that entire time the ground was amply moist 

 to make into balls about the roots of the trees, and to a 

 depth of over ten feet. During this entire time, owing to 

 the manner of cultivation and the care taken tosave this 

 moisture, this soil was practically as full of moisture about 

 the roots of the trees as it could hold, and had there been 

 previous irrigation from a ditch the soil could not have 

 been more moist. 



SHADE TREE EESULTS 



The illustration of a white elm tree on the Pomeroy 

 model farm seventeen months after setting again shows 

 what can be done on ground properly prepared and with 

 right treatment of the surface of the soil. Looking closely 

 you can see the man's hand about four feet from the 

 ground, grasping the pole which is ten feet high. At this 

 point where the hand shows, the tree was cut off when set 

 in the spring of 1900. The growth during 1900 was not 

 much, though quite as much as might be expected the 

 fierst year, the new limbs averaging about ten inches. This 

 photograph was taken August 23, 1901, when the tree 

 reached within eight inches of the top of the ten-foot pole. 

 Elms are usually considered slow growth. This illustra- 

 tion is certainly a demonstration of two facts, that they 

 will make remarkable growth with plenty of moisture, and 

 that moisture can be stored in sufficient quantities on the 

 far western prairies to supply all necessary needs of such 

 trees. 



In the setting of trees or orchards in the more arid 

 portions of this belt, care should be taken to not get them 

 too close together. A successful growing of a tree depends 

 upon ample pasturage of the roots. In our orchard at 

 the Model farm we set our cherries and peach trees twenty- 

 two feet each way, and our apples twenty-two by thirty- 



