36 



some tree, growing only in the central dry region of the Provinca It 

 is extensively used, yielding sawn lumber of good appearance but rather 

 brittle, and not very durable when exposed to the weather. Its diameter 

 does not exceed four feet, though further south it is said to reach a 

 diameter of from twelve to fifteen feet. 



WESTERN SCRUB, BULL OR BLACK PINE (Pinus contorta) This is met 

 with from the sea coast to the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains, 

 densely covering large areas, and is the characteristic tree of the north- 

 ern part of the interior plateau. The trees attain a height of from 60 

 to 100 feet, but rarely exceed two feet in diameter. The wood is sel- 

 dom used as lumber on account of its email size, is white and fairly 

 durable. A layer of its bark contains a large proportion of sugar, which 

 is eaten by the Indians. 



WHITE OR WHITE BARKED PINE (Pmw* albicaulis) A small tree, and 

 generally in unaccessible situations. Wood not used owing to this 

 circumstance. The seeds are used as food by the Indians. 



WHITE PINE {Pinus monticola) This tree resembles its namesake of 

 the eastern Provinces, but is not considered equal to the latter. It is 

 abundant in the interior of "Vancouver Island, and in all parts of the 

 southern portion of the Coast Range where there is abundant rainfall. It 

 attains sixty to eighty feet in height, with a diameter of two or three feet, 

 but grows generally in very inaccessible situations. Its wood is coming 

 rapidly into use. 



YELLOW CYPRESS OR CEDAR ( Clianuecypares Nutkaensis) This tree is con- 

 fined to the coast vicinity of the mainland, and to the interior of Van- 

 couver Island, and is abundant in some parts of the Queen Charlotte 

 Islands. It often exceeds six feet in diameter. The wood is strong, 

 free and of fine grain, with a pale yellow tint, very durable, and has been 

 used to a limited extent for boat building and for various ornamental 

 purposes. It is as yet comparatively unknown in commerce. 



WESTERN LARCH (Larix occidentals) The limit of this tree is coexistent 

 with that of abundant rainfall, but is not found on the coast The 

 timber is strong and durable, but coarse. 



LYALS LARCH (Larix Lyallii). Found in the Galton range, but very 

 little known. 



YEW TREE ( Taxus Irevifolia) This tree occurs on Vancouver Island and 

 on the shores of the mainland adjacent, attaining sometimes a diameter 

 of two feet. It yields a very tough hard wood of a beautiful rose colour, 

 employed for various ornamental purposes. 



RED CEDAR, JUNIPER OR SAVIN (Jumperus Virginiana) This is commonly 

 known as Pencil Cedar. It attains a diameter of one foot, and grows 

 along the shores of Kamloops, Francois and other lakes. It is found 

 at Esquimault and Departure Bay, Vancouver Island. 



MAPLE (Acer macrophyttum) This tree grows sparingly on the coast on 

 Vancouver and adjacent islands, on the Queen Charlotte Islands, but 

 never inland. Occasionally attains a diameter of four feet. A valu- 

 able hard wood, well adapted for cabinet-making and for fuel. 



