are utilized on the spot, being manufactured into tongued and grooved 

 lumber by portable steam machinery taken into the woods, a plan which 

 sooner or later will have to be resorted to here. 



The lumber trade and its products may be said to be associated with 

 the wants of man from his cradle to his grave. The stately three-master 

 that sails the ocean and the tiny match that lights the lamp equally owe 

 their existence to this industry, and from the very sawdust, which has 

 so long been looked upon as an incumbrance, are now produced artificial 

 boards. 



TIMBER DISTRICTS OF THE DOMINION. 



The most important and extensive timber districts or limits of the 

 "Dominion can be briefly stated, leaving a more detailed description oi 

 them to be given under their respective provinces. Beginning from the 

 Pacific shores, the forests of British Columbia, possessing some of the 

 finest timber in the world, have yet scarcely been attacked by the 

 lumbermen to any extent, and the trees assume a size exceeding other 

 districts, supposedly from the mildness and humidity of the climate. 

 The forest is not confined to any one part of the province, but extends 

 through nearly the whole of it. Progressing eastwards from the Rocky 

 Mountains to the Province of Ontario there are scattered here and there 

 tracts of well timbered land, but not of an extent to class them with 

 other timber lands where the material is got out for export. In the 

 older provinces the timber lands lie in the territory north of Lakes 

 Superior and Huron, the Georgian Bay country, Nipissing and Muskoka 

 region, in the district drained by the Ottawa, St. Maurice and Saguenay 

 rivers with their tributaries, the Eastern Townships of Quebec and south 

 shore of the St. Lawrence to the Gulf, including Gaspe, the region on the 

 north shore of the St. Lawrence from the Saguenay to the Bersimis, and 

 still lower down to Mingan, and the country watered by the St. John, the 

 Miramichi, the Restigouche and their tributaries. These limits in many 

 places are scattered and isolated, and have, with few exceptions, been 

 worked for a long time for pine of first quality, but still contain an 

 immense supply of spruce, principally in the east. But the lumbermen 

 are yearly advancing in the forest ; all the accessible tributaries of the 

 Ottawa, the Madawaska, the Bonnechere, the Mississippi, the Petewawa 

 and others have been worked for years on the Ontario side, whilst on the 

 Quebec side they have nearly reached the head waters of all its 

 tributaries, the Rouge, the du Lievre, the Gatineau, the Jean de Terre, 

 Lake Kakebonga and Lac des Rapides, and they are extending their 

 operations along Lake Temiscamingue and the Keepawa. On the St. 

 Maurice River they are as far up as Lake Manooran, on the west, and on 

 its eastern side the Bostonais and Riviere Croche have been despoiled of 

 their finest pine, which is now sought for only at the head waters of these 

 rivers. In the Saguenay region there is only a limited supply of pine 

 left, south of Lake St. John, but plenty of spruce remains untouched 



