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appareut or latent ; and on the other, according to tlie diiFerent CDin- 

 biuations or seggregations of apparent genes. Consaquentlj, the relation 

 of one individual to the others in phenomenal appearance is the relation of 

 mutual participation or sliaring of latent and apparent genes in individuals. 



Then, too, all genes iu individuals may be apparent at on? time and 

 latent at another, and may cliange their characters, acoording to conditions. 

 As genes change, so change individuals. Yet, no new gene is ever created 

 or produced ; no existent gene ever vanishes. The genes now present are 

 tliose tliat have existed from the eternal past and will contiuue to exist 

 throughout the infinite future. The phenomena of an iudividual change from 

 tirae to time, the latter phrase of course being understood as meaning very long 

 intervals of time. Such changes are brought about in the individual itself or 

 by crossing with others. When the latter is the case, it sometimes does, and 

 sorvietimes does not, follow the MendeHan law. Yet, for all that, individuals 

 are always the same in their real entities. Genes present in individuals are 

 not at all isolated, but are in close coutinuity in their essence. If we fix 

 upyn difierent colom-s to represent diiferent genes, the latter present different 

 hues, according to the conditions under which they are exposed at this time 

 or that. Different genes are, therefore, exactly similar in their real entities. 

 Consequently, all individuals are to be regarded from two different points of 

 view ; one being that of universahty, and the other that of particularity. The 

 uuivei-sality of individuals follows from the unity of the genes contained in 

 them, while the ptirticularity of individuals is made comprehensible by the 

 diiference of the phenomenal appearances of the genes and the different 

 combinations of the latter. 



Now, in order to present to my readers more plainly the mutual relation 

 of genes present in individuals, let us assume that individuals are composed of 

 numerous msaries formed of numerous, temporarily different, beads. (See Fig. 

 1). Fui-ther, we will assume at the same time that the individuals are, as I 

 have said before, something Hke knots caused by bringing close together here and 

 there some of these entangled rosaries ; also that the phenomenal appearances 

 of the beads of the rosaries do not cease to change from time to time, as the 

 beads are in close concatenation and in inc33?ant flux in th^ir essence ; as the 



