136 



agreement in the gyn£eceum, placantas, ovules, fruits and seeds. Moreover, 

 their relation, when coupled with the parallelism in their anatomical character, 

 e.g. in the perforation of vess3ls'\ becomes still more complete. Some resem- 

 blanco to the Batidales is indicated by the dimerous gynfecaum in both 

 Salicac389 and Batidacsse'^. Further, the Sahcales are regarded by some 

 authors as comparable with the Myricales and with the Juglandales^^. Now, 

 take fruits and seeds as the crifcerion for comparison, then the Salicales should 

 be taken far away from their present position and put close to the Parietales. 

 Next, take into consideration for classification the absenc^ of perianth in 

 the Salicales, and you will find the latter series quite right in its present 

 place near the Juglandales, Fagales*^ Batidales or Myiicales. 



Then, follow the Gan-yales^^ after Engler's system. As to this series, our 

 knowledge is too incomplete for an undei-standing of its relation to other series. 



Next, come the Myricales"^. They are comparable with the Fagales, 

 Salicales and Juglandales in this point or that^\ 



Here, Engler places the Balanopsidales^^ This Siries is somewhat aUied 

 to the Geraniales, as is indicated by the agreement in the structure of the 

 ovules of the Balanopsidaceae and Euphorbiacese"'. Consequently, its natural 

 position is movable from this place to that, from proximity to the Myricaceae 

 far away to near the Euphorbiacese. 



Then, follow the Leitneriales. It is difficult to deny that they are related 

 to the Bosales, when we consider the resemblance of the Leitneriacese^"^ and 

 Hamamehdacese in the resin-ducts in the medullary-sheath. 



Here, Engler plaoes the Juglandales. Their relation to the Myricales, 

 Salicales and Verticillatae lias already been stated. They are also aUied to some 

 extent to the Eagales, and Urticales"\ But, a greater resemblance is to be found in 

 the JuHaniales''^^ The alternate, exstipulate, imparipinnate leaves and the resinifer- 



1) Nat. Pd.-fam. IIL— 6, p. 291. 2) Kat. Pfl.-fam. Nacht. m. p. 105. 



3) Wettstein, R E. — Hnndb. Syst. Bot. p. 499, (1911). 



4) Jeffrey, E. C — 1. c. p. 384. 5) Engleb, A. — Syllabus, 1. c. p. 159. 

 6} Engleb, A. — Erliiuterungen, 1. c. p. 362. 7) Wettstbin, R. R. — 1. c. pp. 496-499. 

 8) Engler, A. — Erlauteningen, 1. c. p. 363. 9) BB>JTH-H(X)KEa, Gen. Pl. III. 341. 



10) Engler, A. — Erlatiterungen, 1. c. p. 363. 11) Jefpbey, E. C. — 1. c. 376. 

 12) Hemsley, W. B. — On the JulianiaceaB : A New Natural Order of Plants, in Phil. Tram, 

 Roy. Soc. Lond. Series B, CXCIX. pp. 169-197, Plates 18-24. 



