146 



friiits aud in the oblique symmetry of tlie flowers ; the Malpigliiaceae^^ to the 

 Balsaminacafe, in the obhque symmeti-y of the flowers ; the Trigoniaceae'^ to 

 the Balsaminaceae, Hipp3Ci'ateace8e and Sapindac^se ; the Vochysiacase, to the 

 Balsaminacese^^ ; and finally the Euphorbiaceae''^, to the Empetraceae (Eichleb) 

 and to the Celastrace8e^\ as can be seen in a certain degree of agree- 

 inent between Drypdes (Euph.) and Elceodendron (Celast.). The relation 

 of the Geraniales to the Parietales is shown clearly in the accord 

 of the Linaceee'''^ with the Ternstrcemiaceae, in that of the Simarubacefe with the 

 Dipterocarpacese^ in the preseuce of a ring of secretory - canals in the medulla- 

 crown, and in the greater or less resemblance of the Malpigliiacese aud the 

 Ancistrocladacere.'*^ Their aUiance to the Myrtifloroe is indicated by the 

 resemblance of the Vochysiacefe^-* and the Oenotheraceae (De Candolle, 

 Warming, Eichler), and hj that of the CalKtrichaceffi"^ aud the Halorr- 

 hagaceje'^^ (De Candolle, Benth.-Hogk.). With the Rhamnales, the connec- 

 tion is fouud iu the agreement of the Geraniacese and the Rhamnaceae, as 

 cau be seeu iu the floral diagram of Geranimn and Bltamnv.s^'^^. Their 

 relation to the Sympetalse is rather apparent, as is shown in the gamop^talous 

 genera Stephanopodium and Tapiira (wliich is even zygomorphous) of the 

 Dichapetalacese"^ and in the fruit aud single coated ovules of the CaUitii- 

 chacese^^^ Fiually, their relation to the Coniferse should be considered ; the 

 presence of the similar resin-ducts in the Burseraceae^^^ on the oue hand and 

 in the Pinacese on the other is so striking that we are compelled to take this 

 character as representing oue of their uatural relations. 



Secondly, we shaU consider the natural relations which the Sapindales 

 bear to other series and see whether it is reaUy uatural to place this series, 

 iu any case, together with the Gerauiales, before the Malvales and the 

 Parietales. Its relations to the JuUaniales, Santalales, Banales, GerauiaJes, 



1) Nat. Pfl.-fam. III.— 5, p. 388. 2) 1. c. IH.— 4, p. ? 



3) 1. c. III.— 5, p. 388. 4) 1. c. III.— 5, p. 13. 



5) 1. c. in.-5, p. 198. 6) 1. c. IIL— 4, p. 30. 



7) 1. c. 111.-6, p. 252. 85 Nat. Pfl.-fam. III.— 6, p. 276. 



9) 1. c. IIL— 4, p. 315. 10) 1. c. II r.— 5, p. 122. 



11) 1. c. ITL— 7, p. 230. 12) Wettstein, K. R. — 1. c. p. 613. 



13) Nat. Pfl.-fam. IIL— 4, p. 347. 14) 1. c. II f.— 5, p. 122. 



15) Xat. Pfl.-fam. IIL— 4, p. 333. 



