187 



broken up iuto inanj fainiKes. Bufc, if we pufc the latfcer characfcer aside, 

 ifc will sfcand as one family ; for the female flowers and ovaries, diiferent as 

 fchey ai-e in diiferenfc genera, show fcrausifcions so gradual fchat fchey may be 

 oonnected one with another. Some genera of this family have flowers which 

 are comparable with those of the Htilorrhagaceae. But the greater numljer 

 of the genera suggest their oonnection with the Santalacese. 



Series XXTI. Aristolochiales 



73 AristolochiaceaB'^: If we setstoreby the presenca or absenc3 of a 

 reduced calyx, then Asarmn and Aristolochta should not be incorporated in 

 one and the same family. AristdocMa should come close to the Tubifloree. 

 But in other respecfcs, the two genera are very closely related, In the serum- 

 reaction the family is related with the Nymphseacese and the Anonaceae"^^. 



74 Rafflesiaceae •' Near the Aristolochiacese in the simple perianth and in 

 the central genital cohimn. Hallier states that this family together with the 

 Hydnoracese may be kin of the NepenthaceEe, Anonacese and Nymphaeacese in 

 fche fleshy perianth, cohimn, large peltate stigmata, semi-inferior ovary, triiner- 

 ous perigon, and in the perisperm^l 



76 Hydnoraceae^-': As above. 



Series XXVII. Polygonales 



76 Polygonaceae'^ : Near the Amarantaceae. 



Series XXVm. Centrospermce 



77 Chenopodiaceae*'^ : Connected with the Amarantaceae, Phyfcolaccaceae, 

 Portulacacese, Aizoacese, Caryophyllaceae and Njctaginaceae — in each case by a 

 different character. As to the genera of this family, they do not stand in a 

 serial relation, and consequently it is altogether impossible to aiTange them 

 according to their hneage. The same is true of all famihes and especially of 

 the larger ones such as the Graminese, Cruciferae or Rosaceee. Volken's 

 opinion as to the classification of the Chenopodiaceae demands consideration. 

 He says : " Ob man z. B. die Polycnemese zu den Amarantaceae oder den 



1) Knt. Pfl.-fam. p. m.— 1, p. 270. 2) Mez, C. and Lange, L. — 1. c. 



3) Somls-Laubach, — Kafflesincese, in das Pflanzenreich, IV. — 7.5, p. 7. 



4) 1. c. m.— 1, p. 285. 5) Nat. Pfl.-fam. III. -1, a, p. 8. 

 6) 1. c. ni.-l, a, p. 51. 



