201 



•upon the criteria adopted. It is iiseless asking wliicli is tlie better or more 

 natiiral position. 



Series XXXTI. Rliamnales 



173 Rhamuaceae '^ •' Nearest akin to the KhamnaceaB are the Vitacese ; 

 after -wliich come the Celastracese. They are also compared with the Oli- 

 niaceae (Myrtiflorse) by Baillon. 



174 Vitaceae "^ : In floral structm*e these come quite close to the Rham- 

 naceae. Anotlier closely related family which may be pointed oiit next to 

 the Rhamnacepe, is that of the Umbelliferae, perhaps more closely aUied to 

 the Vitace», if we put aside the difference in the relative position of petals 

 and stamens. 



Series XXXVTI. Malvales 



175 Elaeocarpaceae'^^ : Intimately connected with the TiHacefe. Tlie 

 family is also related to the Flacoiurtiaceae, as can be seen in a comparisou of 

 Prockia and Hasseltia.*'^ It is, therefore, regarded by some authors, as a family 

 intermediate betweeu the Malvales and the Parietales. 



176 ChlsenaceSB^^ : De Candolle refers tliis family to the IVIalvales. 

 Baillon places it near the Theacese or even assigns it to the latter family. It 

 is nearer to the Tihacese than to the Malvales, in so far as the constant dithe- 

 cous stamens are concerned. It is also comparable with the Dipterocarpaceae. 



177 Gonystylaceae*''' : Related to the Tihacese in its anatomical and 

 morphological characters. 



178 Tiliaceae^^ : Connected with the Malvaceae, StercuHacefe and Chlse- 

 naceae of the Malvales. Also with the Theacese, Dipterocarpaceae, Bixacese 

 aud Ilacourtiacese of the Parietales. 



179 Malvaceae^^: These stand quite near the Bombacaceae, Sterculiaceae 

 and TiHacese. But, in the liaiiy seeds, in the curved embryo and in the 

 secondary meristem in the xylem, they are closely related to the Convolvulaceee. 



1) 1. c. IIL— 5, p. 398. 2) Nat. Pfl -£am. III— 5, p. 439. 



3) 1. c. III.— 6, p. 3. 4) Both genera belong to the Flacoxirtiaceee. 



5) 1. c. III.— 6, p. 172. 6) Nat. Pfl.-fam. Nacht. L p. 232. 



7) 1. c. II [.—5, p, 13. 8) 1. c. III.- 6, p. 33. 



