124 HOMOPTERA 



B. Posterior process nodose and trispinose 



1. Suprahumerals short, htavy, thick and bUint Xolonia Plummer. 



2. Suprahumerals loiig, sleiider, sharp aiid spine-like 



a. Posterior process with two slender upright spiues at base . . . Cyphonia Laporte. 

 aa. Posterior process without erect spines at base Poppea Stal. 



II. Pronolum without suprahumeral horns 



A. Corium wilh five apical and two or more discoidal cells 



1. Posterior process nodose aud trispinose Clepsydrius Fowler. 



2. Posterior process not trispiuose 



a. Posierior process greatly swollen at or near base Paranton.?; Fowler. 



aa. Posterior process not iuflated iiear base 



b. Prouotum couvex, impressed above lateral margin .... Melusina Stal. 

 bb. Pronotum elevated, not deeply laterally impressed 



c. Lateral margins of metopidium angulate ; dorsum highest 



infront Stictocephala Stal. 



cc. Laleral margins of metopidium rounded; dorsum highest at 



middle Stictolobus Metcalf. 



B. Corium withfour apical cells and one discoidal ccll Trachytalis Fowler, 



94. Genus CERESA Amyot and Serville 



Ceresa Amyot and Serville, Herhip. SSg (1843). 



Characters : The genus Ceresa is the largest, the best known and the most widely distributed 

 of any of the genera of Membracidae in the New World. It is represented in all parts of both continents 

 by many species and by an enormous number of individuals. In popular treatises on entomology and 

 in elementary text-books, some species of this genus is usually chosen to illustrate the family. In fact, 

 in the literature, the species Ceresa bubalus is mentioned mofe times than any other membracid species 

 in the World. 



The genus is characterized by the petiolate median apical cell of the hind wing, the entirely free 

 tegmina with two contiguous longitudinal veins, the well elevated pronotum without longitudinal ridges 

 or deep impressions on the sides, with suprahumeral horns, and with a simple, tectiform, gradually acute 

 posterior process. The head is subquadrate wider than long, with the apex triangular; base strongly 

 arcuate ; eyes globular ; ocelli prominent, nearer to each other than to the eyes and situated a little below 

 a line drawn through centers of eyes; inferior margins of genae sinuate; clypeus variable but usually 

 extending for about half its length below the inferior margins of genae. Pronotum well developed and 

 elevated, roughly triangular as seen from above ; metopidium vertical or convex and about as wide as 

 high; median carina present; humeral angles weak; suprahumeral horns always present but varying 

 greatly in size from large strong processes to mere tubercular angles ; posterior apex of pronotum always 

 simple, without spines or other processes and gradually acute, generally reaching to a point somewhere 

 between the internal angles and the tips of the tegmina; sides of pronotum punctate and often with 

 faint impressions but never ridged. Tegmina entirely free and the corium fully exposed; five apical 

 and three discoidal cells; apical limbus broad. Legs simple. 



Type vilulus Fabricius. 



