Q. 5669, 
508 
Q. 8378-86. 
Q. 4645. 
Q. 4023, 
4094, 
Q. 5205, 
6580-3, 
6629-82. 
Certificates. 
Q. 4032, 
4038. 
Q. 5680, 
6201-4, 
6534, 
8512-15. 
Q. 3843. 
Q. 4133. 
Q. 4643, 
6293-4. 
Q. 2069, 
2969. 
Q. 4645-6, 
8380-90, 
8526. 
Treland. 
Q. 8160-63, 
8255-7, 
8367. 
Q. 8174. 
Q. 7784. 
Q. 9481. 
Q. 3011, 
8466, 
Q. 3890. 
vill COMMITI#£E ON PLEURO-PNEUMONIA AND TUBERCULOSIS: 
in which was comprised practically all the disease that existed during the past’ year | 
in Scotland. : i My Ck y 
15. The deduction from the study. of this very instructive map, is that pleuro- 
pneumonia is particularly prevalent in districts subject to two special conditions: : 
first, in those districts in which town dairies are numerous, such as the metropolitan — 
district in England and the Edinburgh district in Scotland; and second, in those 
districts which largely receive Irish cattle, such as the north-western district of 
England (Westmoreland excepted), which receives Irish cattle at the many ports : a "4 
on the coasts, and in Norfolk, which, in spite of its geographical position, is a large 
importer of Irish stock, chiefly coming through Liverpool, from Dublin, Dundalk, — 
and Dundrum, and, therefore, specially exposed to pleuro-pneumonia. edi 
16. In Scotland the same principle will be found to hold good. The evidence which 
has been laid before us by the Scotch witnesses is almost unanimously in favour of 
the opinion that a large per-centage of outbreaks were traceable to importations of 
diseased cattle from Ireland, through Glasgow and other ports. The number of out- — 
breaks in Lanarkshire in 1887, viz., 73, the largest number for any single county in — 
Great Britain, goes far to support this theory. The conditions, too, under which these — 
animals are dealt with after arriving in Scotland, appears to be a fruitful source of — 
spreading the disease. Cattle are moved through surrounding districts, exposed in — 
open fairs and markets, and so not only form centres of disease themselves, but are — 
the means of causing animals, which enter the fairs and auction marts healthy, to — 
take away the seeds of disease with them. ee 
17. It is true that attempts are made to diminish the risk of having diseased animals 
moved about the country, by requiring the production of certificates of health, and 
proof of their having come from healthy districts. We are, however, satisfied 
the protection afforded by these certificates is in many cases wholly illusory, and. 
that too often, in the words of several witnesses, they are “not worth the paper they 
are written on.” In many instances this may arise from natural or accidental causes, — 
but we regret to have to state that certificates are constantly tampered with wilfully 
by dishonest dealers. : : ‘ wal 
18. The disregard, in many cases, of the restrictions upon the movement of cattle 
in Scotland, it is fair to say, does in some measure diminish the force of the accusations 
against Ireland which were made by every Scotch witness, and we cannot but believe 
that in some. cases, when Irish cattle have been centres of disease, they may have 
contracted it originally from Scotch beasts with which they were brought in contact. — 
Still, while this must be admitted, we are compelled to say that the evidence brought — 
before us points to the conclusion, that the outbreaks of pleuro-pneumonia in England 
and Scotland are in a considerable measure traceable to the prevalence of that disease 
in Ireland. We desire therefore to lay before your Lordship the facts respecting 
the condition of pleuro-pneumonia in the latter country. “9a 
+ RRA eR? 
19. Ireland for many years has never been free from pleuro-pneumonia, but itt: 
a very remarkable circumstance that, although the disease has been prevalent in that e 
country for so long a period, it has been of late years almost entirely confined to 
Dublin, and to those districts of the eastern counties into which the cows from the — 
dairy yards of Dublin are introduced. The importance of this fact in tracing the 
origin and importation of pleuro-pneumonia from Ireland to Great Britain will be es 
immediately seen when we consider that the movement of stock in Iréland is almost 
invariably from the west to the east, and that the dairy yards and large grazing farms — 
of Dublin and adjoining counties derive their supply of cows and stores from the — 
southern and western parts of Ireland, and practically send back to these districts 
no stock at all. It is true that young calves are occasionally sent from the Dublin — 
dairy yards to the western counties of Ireland, but they are very few in number, and 
are sent out at such an early age that the risk of spreading the disease is minimised, . 
although one or two outbreaks are said to have found their origin from that cause. 
In this connection, it is worthy of note that whilst a large number of Irish cattle : 
are received at Bristol, the district surrounding that port has been for several bere: - 
entirely free from the disease, a fact which we may attribute to the cattle cen ' 3 
to Bristol being mostly exported from Cork and Waterford, which are outside the 
zone of pleuro-pneumonia in Ireland, whilst a very large proportion of the cattle 
coming to the north-western district of England and the Scotch ports, are exported 
from Dublin, Dundalk, and Drogheda, which are within or adjacent to the compara- _ : 
tively limited area which is infected. It is not to be supposed that all the diseased 
animals which come into Great Britain have been inhabitants of this infected area _ 
in Ireland for any considerable period; and it is also just to point out that many : 
