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muddy than in either clear or intermediate ponds. The average total productior 

 (all three species combined) in the three clear ponds vras at the rate of 137 

 pounds per acre, as compared with 94 in the intermediate ponds and 98 in the 

 most turbid ponds. The greater production in the clear ponds was attributable 

 to a greater weight of bass and bluegills. The larger total weight of fish 

 in the most turbid ponds as compared to the intermediate ponds was due princi- 

 pally to the faster growth and higher survival of catfish in the muddier 

 ponds and, to a lesser degree, to a slightly larger production of bass in the 

 muddy than in the intermediate ponds a This last was attributed to the direct 

 influence of carp on bass, however, since only 1 of the 4 muddy ponds (Table 

 7) contained carp, while carp were present in 5 of the 7 intermediate ponds. 

 The same competitive influence accounts for the faster growth by the parent 

 bluegills in the muddy ponds (Table 7), The final total weights of bluegills 

 were approximately equal in the intermediate and muddy ponds, however, due 

 to the consistently greater production of young bluegill in the carp ponds 

 than in either the most turbid ponds without carp or in the clear, untreated 

 ponds (Nosc 3 and 4, Table 7), 



The influences of turbidity on growth, survival and total production are 

 more clearly illustrated by Table 8, which includes only those ponds not 

 containing carp and which eliminates the influence of competition by this 

 species o Again, the higher recovery from the clear ponds was due to greater 

 production of bass and bluegill, and the greater weight in the muddy than in 

 the intermediate ponds was due to the faster growth and greater survival of 

 catfish in the muddiest ponds = For both bass and bluegills the relationship 

 was direct and consistent throughout; ioeo, as turbidity increased, the rates 

 of growth, rates of survival, and total weights decreased. Rates of survival 



