228 OF LOSSES NOT COVERED BY THE POLICY. 



183. Of Risks in Marine Insurance. — A marine policy 

 to cover all risks is usually so costly as to proliibit its being 

 taken, except in the case of the most valuable horses, and 

 such a contract is invariably embodied in a special policy ; 

 but the ordinary marine policy insures against the risks of 

 perils of the sea, men-of-war, fire, enemies, pirates, rovers, 

 jettisons, takings, arrests, restraints and detainments of all 

 kings, princes, and people, of what nation, condition, or 

 quality whatsoever, and all other perils, losses, or misfortunes 

 that have or shall come to the hurt, detriment, or damage of 

 the said goods and merchandises, &c., or any part thereof 

 during this adventure, (a) 



184. Of Losses not Covered by the Policy — Loss which 

 is due to inherent vice (6) alone is not recoverable under an 

 ordinary marine policy ; nor is loss due to the fault of the 

 insured ; (c) nor are underwriters liable for losses solely attri- 

 butable to death from natural causes. As, for instance, if it 

 be owing to any infectious disorder which might equally have 

 seized them on land, or to some disease which, though pro- 

 bably in part occasioned by the confinement and other usual 

 circumstances of the voyage, is yet not proximately caused 

 by any extraordinary, violent, or immediate agency of the 

 perils insured against, the underwriters are undoubtedly not 

 liable for tlie loss.(cZ) "The insurers answer for the death 

 of animals insured, if it proceeds from tempest, from the fire 

 of an enemy, from jettison, or any other accident, but not if 

 from sickness. Horses had been shipped on board a pinque. 

 Some of them died on the voyage. The insurers, proceeded 

 against for payment of this average, had sentence in their 

 favour, 21st March, 1759. It would have been otherwise 

 had the horses been struck by lightning, or killed by the fire 

 of an enemy, or drowned in stranding, &c." (e) Again, where 



(a) See Arnould, 232. 



(b) § 109 ; Arnould, 722 ; but the omis is on the insurer to prove that the loss 

 was attributable to this cause, ibid. 



(c) Arnould, 731. [d) Arnould, 724. (e) Enxcrujon, ch. xii. § 9 fin. 



