GOVERNMENTAL SERVICES 135 



governmental body, cannot grant that which the 

 grantor does not possess. In other words, the 

 officer has no greater range of authority than the 

 body which he represents. Under appropriate 

 legislation, therefore, a city inspector, a state 

 inspector, and an inspector connected with the 

 Bureau of Animal Industry in the national De- 

 partment of Agriculture would have very different 

 powers in the same case. Suppose that they met 

 upon a dairy farm which sent its products to a 

 neighboring city in the same state. The national 

 representative would have no authority in the 

 matter until the dairyman attempted to send his 

 products out of the state, though he discovered 

 that there was typhoid fever upon the farm, and 

 that insufficient care was taken to prevent con- 

 tagion. The city inspector would have no direct 

 authority in the case, but he could suggest certain 

 changes in operation, and in case his suggestions 

 Avere not accepted and acted upon he could order 

 the exclusion of tlie products of the farm from 

 his city. This would still leave the farmer at lib- 

 erty to sell to other communities. The state offi- 

 cial would have the authority to order such 

 changes in operation as reason and law dictated, 

 and in the absence of complete obedience he might 

 put a quarantine upon the farm. 



In the case above supposed, the city inspector 

 has no authority because the farm is outside of 

 his jurisdiction, though it is necessary for him 

 to go beyond his territorial jurisdiction to make 

 his inspections. His authoritative jurisdiction is 

 limited to the city boundaries. The authority of 

 the nation is found in its power to regulate inter- 



