PARASITES AS MOVING FOREIGN BODIES. 133 



the food, it is likely that death was caused by the wanderings of 

 the embryos. In examining the carcase, the capillaries of the viscera 

 were found considerably injected, especially in the lungs and liver, 

 and sometimes even ecchymosis had resulted. The blood is also some- 

 what thin, but there are no other symptoms of any specific disease. 

 Whether it may be supposed that the embryos (Fig. 80) have caused 

 a capillary embolism in these organs by their wandering en masse 

 into the circulatory system, I cannot decide, although I have suc- 

 ceeded in finding single embryos in the blood of the portal vein. 



Similar cases have been observed by other investigators, 1 and one 

 which Leisering describes, of a lamb fed with Tcenia marginata 

 (e Cysticerco tenuicolli), may be given here. 2 The principal changes 

 in this animal, which died on the fifth day after feeding, were to be 

 seen in the liver, which was congested throughout its whole extent, 

 and traversed by enlargements of the portal capillaries, distended with 

 blood, in which hundreds of small but yet visible tape- worm em- 

 bryos were to be observed. Icterus and extravasations were also 

 noticed, the latter even in the lungs. 



It cannot be doubted that these were the results of the infection, 

 although perhaps the direct cause of death cannot be established with 

 certainty. 



In cases in which the animals under experiment manage to 

 survive the immediate consequences of the infection, and especially 

 in cattle fed with Tcenia saginata, a state is often produced, which 

 in pathological and pathologico-anatomical respects has the greatest 

 resemblance to miliary tuberculosis, and hence has been called by 

 me " acute Cestodic tuberculosis." 3 



The Cestodes are not, however, the only parasites which influence 

 their hosts by the wandering of their embryos. The movements of 

 chose of Trichinae have also an influence ; for the painful sensation of 

 muscular exhaustion, which is felt even in the first days of trichinosis, 

 and rapidly increases in intensity, the inflammation and cedematous 

 swelling of the affected parts, and the restlessness and incipient fever, 

 are all undoubtedly due in great measure to the condition of irritation 

 produced by the wandering embryos. It must, however, be borne in 

 mind, in considering the symptoms accompanying trichinosis, that 

 this disease is the product of a whole series of helminthological con- 

 ditions which run their course side by side in the same host, and 



1 See especially Raum, " Beitrage zur Entwickelungsgeschichte der Cysticercen :" 

 Dorpat Inaug. Dissert., 1883. 



2 Bericht uber das Veterinarwcsen Sachsens, p. 22, 1857-58. 



3 Hosier, ' ' Helniinthologische Studien und Beobachtungen," Berlin, pp. 1 et seq , 

 1864. 



