314 



THE ANATOMY OF CESTODES. 



sac (Fig. 163, c), but is in more or less direct connection with the 

 uterus. As a rule, and perhaps always (especi- 

 ally in the case of the Cystotcenice), this union 

 is effected by means of a special tube which I 

 have named the " fertilising canal " (Befruch- 

 tungscanal). 1 It originates from the posterior 

 end of the sperm sac being indeed in some 

 measure a continuation of it and of the vagina 

 and opens into the uterus after a short 

 course. Where the latter occupies the middle 

 line, it always opens at the posterior end, where 

 the " fertilising canal/' especially in the Cysto- 

 tcenice, often assumes a curved course. At 

 the point of union with the uterus there is 

 found a small round body, consisting of 

 numerous unicellular glands, which from its 

 function I have named the " shell-gland." 

 On its way to the shell-gland the fertilising canal receives the 



exit canal of the ovaries, of which two are always present in the 



FIG. 163. Connection be- 

 tween the different parts of 

 the female generative appa- 

 ratus in Tcenia ccenurus. 

 o, yolk passage ; b, oviduct ; 

 f, vagina with receptaculum ; 

 d, uterus ; , fertilising canal. 

 ( x 50.) 



FIG. 164. Sexual organs of Tcenia echino- 

 coccus (penis during copulation). ( x 100.) 



FIG. 165. Sexual organs of Tcenia 

 ccenurus. ( x 10.) 



Taeniadae. In the majority of cases these have the appearance of 

 two wing-like or hand-shaped organs, which are situated about the 



1 I may take this opportunity of mentioning that I was the first to observe the con- 

 nection between the different parts of the female sexual apparatus. The description given 



