CONTENTS 



Vll 



Page 

 4. Principles and Conclusions (Con- 

 tinued). 

 Smell (Continued) . 



Sense of smell in insects de- 

 prived of antennae 225 



Forel's criticisms of Graber's 

 results 226 



Hauser's experiments 227 



Olfactory pores 228 



Experiments with antennse 

 removed, mutilated, or 

 coated 228 



Experiments with wings, legs, 



and stings mutilated 229 



Mclndoo's experiments with 

 deantennate insects 229 



Present status as to the seat of 

 the olfactory sense 230 



Intelligence 232 



Relation between the senses 

 and mental faculties of in- 

 sects 232 



Memory and general intelli- 

 gence of wasps 233 



Memory of place in bees 233 



Memory of time and asso- 

 ciation of impressions. ..... 235 



Memory of time and memory 

 association in honey-bees. . . 236 



Intelligence of honey-bees. . . . 236 



The psychic powers of insects 237 



Page 



4. Principles and Conclusions (Con- 



tinued). 



General resumS 238 



Treatment 238 



Attraction 238 



Color 238 



Mutilation 238 



Artificial flowers 239 



Painted flowers 240 



Inclosing flowers in glass 241 



Green flowers and showy nec- 



tarless flowers 241 



Color preference 241 



Odor 244 



Masking or covering flowers 



to conceal color 244 



Odor of honey 244 



Effect of added odors 245 



Relative value of color and 



odor 245 



Form 245 



Distinction and role 245 



Attraction at a distance and near 



at hand 246 



Learning and habit 247 



Memory and intelligence 247 



5. Pollinators and Flowers Visited 249 



6. Flowers and their Visitors 256 



Bibliography 268 



Index 273 



Description of Plates 276 



