Descriptions of Plates. 



Plate 1. Painted flowers of Aconitum and Delphinium, showing experimental method. 



Plate 2. Life-history of flowers: Aconitum columbianum: (1) bud opening; (2) 4 

 anthers open; (3) 8 anthers open; (4) 16 anthers open; (5) 4 anthers whole; 

 (6) all anthers shed, styles visible; (7) carpels enlarging, stamens shrunken; 

 (8) petals falling. Delphinium scopulorum: (9) flower just open; (10) 4 

 anthers shed; (11) 8 anthers shed; (12) 16 anthers shed; (13) 4 anthers whole; 

 (14) all anthers shed, styles visible; (15) carpels enlarging, stamens shrunken; 

 (16) sepals falling. 



Plate 3. Life-history of flowers: Rubus strigosus: (1) bud in section; (2) bud partly 

 open; (3) flower open, upper anthers shedding; (4) sepals flat, petals converg- 

 ing, all erect anthers shedding; (5) petals erect, stamens mostly shed, con- 

 verging; (6) petals flat, stamens brown; (7) petals falling; (8) sepals erect. 

 Potentilla arguta : (9) bud cut, stamens converging; (10) flower hah open, 

 stamens erect, stigmas receptive; (11) petals flat, stamens spreading; (12) 

 petals ascending, inner stamens erect; (13) all stamens shedding and con- 

 verging; (14) petals fallen, sepals erect, anthers shrunken; (15) sepals closed. 



Plate 4. Life-history of flowers: Heracleum lanatum, X6: (1) bud; (2) 1 stamen out; 

 (3) 2 stamens out; (4) 3 stamens out; (5) 4 stamens out; (6) all stamens out, 

 erect, mostly shedding; (7) stamens deflexed, stigma tips visible; (8) stamens 

 fallen, styles lengthened; (9) petals falling, styles and stylopodium full-grown. 

 Sedum stenopetalum, X6: (10) bud in section; (11) flower half open; (12) flower 

 open, inner anthers shedding; (13) inner anthers shed, outer shedding carpels 

 separating; (14) all anthers shed, stigmas receptive; (15) stamens recurving, 

 carpels converging; (16) anthers fallen, filaments ascending; (17) petals 

 ascending, drying. 



Plate 5. Life-history of flowers: Galium boreale, X10: (1) bud in section; (2) flower 

 open, stamens erect, shedding; (3) stamens spreading, anthers shed; (4) sta- 

 mens flat, styles receptive, spreading; (5) stamens deflexed, stigmas enlarged; 

 (6) corolla withering, style elongated. Saxifraga bronchialis, X4: (7) bud 

 hanging; (8) bud horizontal, enlarged; (9) flower open; (10) inner row of 

 anthers shedding; (11) inner shed, outer shedding, style tips recurved, recep- 

 tive; (12) petals and anthers fallen, carpels enlarging. 



Plate 6. Life-history of flowers: Campanula rotundifolia, Xl.5: (1) bud in section, 

 erect; (2) bud horizontal; (3) bud hanging; (4) flower half open, anthers 

 shedding on style; (5) flower open, stamens curling downward, style dusted 

 with pollen; (6) anthers separating, stigmas starting to recurve; (7) stigmas 

 recurved, receptive; (8) corolla shriveling and drying. Erysimum asperum, 

 X2: (9) bud in section; (10) stigma protruding, receptive, petals incurled; 

 (11) flower opening, 4 upper anthers shedding; (12) flower open, upper anthers 

 recurving, 2 lower shedding; (13) upper anthers shrunken, lower shed; (14) 

 lower' anthers shrinking, petals falling. 



Plate 7. Life-history of flowers: Geranium caespitosum, Xl.5: (1) bud horizontal, 

 corolla tip appearing; (2) bud erect, petals separating; (3) flower open; (4) 

 upper anthers shedding; (5) upper shed, lower shedding; (6) anthers mostly 

 fallen; (7) styles spread, receptive; (8) petals fallen, pistil enlarged. Dode- 

 catheon meadia, Xl.5: (9) bud upright; (10) bud hanging, in section; (11) 

 flower half open, stigma receptive, anthers swollen; (12) flower fully open, 

 petals reflexed, anthers shrinking; (13) flower horizontal, anthers separating; 

 (14) flower erect, anthers spread; (15) petals shrunken and dried; (16) young 

 pod with stigma still fresh. 



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