108 FIELD CROPS 



About three fourths of the total net nutrients of the 

 stalk and ears is contained in the grain. The whole kernel 

 contains 11.33 per cent of crude protein, 82.26 per cent of 

 carbohydrates, 4.86 per cent of fat, and 1.54 per cent of ash. 



138. Use as Human Food. As food for man, corn is 

 most largely used in the form of cornmeal, from which 

 numerous dishes are prepared. It is also used as hominy, 

 corn flour, cerealine, green corn, canned corn, pop corn, 

 starch, sirup, corn flakes, and corn oil. The refined 

 oil is used for shortening, and sometimes as a substitute for 

 olive oil. 



139. Manufactured Products. One product of the corn 

 crop is canned green sweet corn, which represents an industry 

 of considerable importance. Starch is a valuable product 

 manufactured from the grain of corn which is used both as 

 food and for starching, or stiffening, fabrics. It is likewise 

 converted into a form of sirup known as corn sirup. Corn- 

 meal is the finely ground corn, largely used as food. Corn 

 flour is even more finely ground; it is used as a partial sub- 

 stitute for wheat flour in bread making. In the manufacture 

 of starch, flour, and cornmeal, the germs of corn are removed. 

 These germs are heated and pressed and a valuable oil is 

 extracted from them. This oil in the crude form is used in 

 painting and as a lubricant, and is vulcanized into a cheap 

 grade of rubber. It may also be refined and used as a 

 food product. Corn flakes and cerealine are two very 

 palatable breakfast cereals also manufactured from corn. 

 Alcohol and distilled liquors are manufactured largely from 

 this grain. The pith of cornstalks is used in the manu- 

 facture of explosives and as a packing material for battle 

 ships. The cobs are made into pipes, and the stalks are 

 now being used to some extent in the manufacture of paper. 

 Corn husks are used for making mattresses and for packing. 



140. By-products. The by-products from corn canning 

 factories, the husks and cobs, are often used in the form of 



