112 



FIELD CROPS 



for these worms is fall plowing and rotation of crops, as 

 suggested for the common cutworm. 



147. White Grubs. The white grub, veiy commonly 

 seen when plowing land, especially in the spring, is like- 

 wise a serious pest to the corn plant. These grubs, like 

 wireworms, live in the worm stage for two years, and con- 

 sequently trouble from them may appear in two succeeding 

 crops on the same field. They attack the roots of the corn 



Figure 45. — Chinch bug, adult at left, a, b, eggs; c, newly hatched larva; 

 d, its tarsus; e, larva after first molt; £, same after second molt: g, 

 pupa; h, enlarged leg of adult; j, tarsus of the same enlarged; i, pro- 

 boscis, enlarged. {Riley) 



and very seriously check its growth. The same treatment 

 as for wireworms is effective. 



148. Chinch Bugs. The chinch bug, which is common 

 only periodically, is known best in grain fields, where its 

 injury is greatest. Often entire fields are cut down by these 

 insects. They Uve over winter in the adult stage, usually 

 under rubbish of some kind. The female emerges in the 

 spring and lays the eggs, and in a short time the young are 

 hatched. The egg-laying period extends over several weeks, 

 so the young are usually seen in all stages of growth. They 

 attack plants anywhere above the ground, sucking the juices 

 from them. As they usually appear in large numbers, their 

 damage is very serious. Their attacks are usually after the 

 grain fields on which they have been living are harvested. 



Clean farming is an effective remedy, because it reduces 

 the number of suitable places in which the insects may live 



