246 



FIELD AND WOODLAND PLANTS 



are at the sides ; and the other, forming the lower lip, is turned 

 down. Tliere are five stamens, four of which are fertile and turned 

 down, while the fifth is barren and scale-like, under the upper lip 

 of the corolla. 



One species — the Water Figwort (Scrophularia aquatica) — grows 



in marshes and 

 on the banks of 

 ditches and 

 streams. It has 

 a stout, angular 

 stem, the angles 

 of which are 

 drawn out into 

 narrow wings ; 

 smooth, oppo- 

 site, blunt leaves, 

 cordate at the 

 base, with cre- 

 nate or toothed 

 margins; and 

 long, narrow 

 panicles of 

 flowers with 

 blunt bracts. 

 The five lobes 

 of the calyx are 

 fringed with a 

 conspicuous, 

 transpa rent, 

 membranous 

 border. 



The other is 

 the Knotted 

 Figwort {S. nodosa), which is much like the last, but emits a dis- 

 agreeable odoiu-, and may be further distinguished by the little 

 green, fleshy knots of its rhizome. Its stem is sharply four- 

 angled, but not winged ; its leaves are acute, and doubly toothed ; 

 and the panicle has small, narrow, sharp bracts. 



Passing now to the order Lahialce, we come first to the Gipsy- 

 wort {Lycopus europcEUs), an erect, branched, slightly hairy plant, 

 from one to three feet high, bearing dense whorls of small, white. 



The Gipst-wout. 



