BLOOD. 185 



Elephant arVs of an inch. 



Guinea-pig s^Vs of an inch. 



Man s-^Vtf of an inch. 



Monkey jr^W of an inch. 



Dog ssVr of an inch. 



Rat 3?V? of an inch. 



Rabbit 3 <rW of an inch. 



Mouse syW of an inch. 



Lion frfs of an inch. 



Ox T ^ T7 of an inch. 



Horse ^ f an mcn - 



Pig sV* f an inch- 



Cat T&TS of an inch. 



Sheep i^fj of an inch. 



Goat ^rVff of an inch. 



Musk-deer TSSTT of an inch. 



The erythrocytes from whatever source obtained, consist essen- 

 tially of two parts, the stroma or protoplasmic tissue and its en- 

 closed pigment, hemoglobin. For human blood the number of 

 erythrocytes present in the fluid as obtained from well-developed 

 males in good physical condition is about 5,500,000 per cubic milli- 

 meter. 1 The normal content of the blood of adult females is from 

 4,000,000 to 4,500,000 per cubic millimeter. The number of ery- 

 throcytes varies greatly under different conditions. For instance 

 the number may be increased after the transfusion of blood of the 

 same species of animal ; by residing in a high altitude ; or as a re- 

 sult of strenuous physical exercise continued over a short period of 

 time. An increase is also noted in starvation ; after partaking of 

 food; after cold or hot baths; after massage, as well as after the 

 administration of certain drugs and accompanying certain diseases 

 such as cholera, diarrhoea, dysentery and yellow atrophy of the liver. 

 A decrease in the number occurs in the different forms of anaemia. 

 The number has been known to increase to 7,040,000 per cubic 

 millimeter as a result of physical exercise, while 11,000,000 per 

 cubic millimeter have been noted in cases of polycythaemia and in- 

 creases nearly as great in cyanosis. The number has been known 

 to decrease to 500,000 per cubic millimeter or lower in pernicious 

 anaemia. 



Oxyhaemoglobin, the coloring matter of the blood, is a conju- 

 gated protein. Through treatment with hydrochloric acid it may 

 be split into a protein body called globin, and hcemochromogen, an 



T This statement is based upon observations made upon the blood of athletes 

 in training. It is generally stated in text-books that the blood of males contains 

 about 5,000,000 per cubic millimeter. 



