122 SMALL FRUIT CULTURIST. 



warm cellar or room, during winter, being careful not to 

 keep them so wet as to cause them to rot, nor so dry that 

 they will shrivel. In a warm situation, and with proper 

 care in keeping them just moist and no more, both buds 

 and roots are sure to be produced by planting time in 

 spring. 



LAYERS. Layering, as a means of propagating the 

 Raspberry or Blackberry, is seldom practiced, neither is 

 it to be recommended, except in cases of extreme scarcity. 

 To succeed with this mode, the layers must be put down 



Fig. 48 MANNER OF GROWTH OF BLACK CAP. 



early in the season, so soon as the young canes are of suf- 

 ficient size to be conveniently handled. A tongue should 

 be made on the layer as with hard wooded plants, al- 

 though with some varieties of the R. occidentalis, this is 

 not necessary, as every portion of the branch that is cov- 

 ered will readily emit roots. Most of the varieties of this 

 species grow in the form shown in figure 48. The canes 

 grow very strong and stocky at the base, gradually becom- 

 ing slender, and the ends bending down to the ground 

 and taking root as shown, thus form a natural layer. 

 The extreme point of the cane generally, after entering 

 the ground, turns up, forming a large bud, from which the 

 cane for the next season is produced. 



