1895] MARYLAND ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 245 



Arundel and Howard Counties, a small portion of the Chesa- 

 peake Bay, and Patapsco, Back, Middle and Gunpowder Rivers. 

 In this circle a great diversity of country is found. The part 

 of Anne Arundel included is nearly level and low lying, as is 

 also the "Necks" of Baltimore County. On these necks and 

 also along as far as Havre- de-Grace, are located the famous 

 ducking clubs of the Chesapeake. The water is brackish, or 

 salty, rising and falling with the tide. The timber is prin- 

 cipally short leafed pine. The other part of Baltimore and 

 Howard Counties is more or less hilly, rising in places to over 

 700 feet. The water courses are swift running streams in more 

 or less deep cuts, some even in rocky gorges. These steep banks 

 and most of the uneven land is heavily wooded with oaks, 

 chestnut, beech, etc. (pines only appearing in small isolated 

 patches), while the level ground is under a high state of culti- 

 vation. All observations to which a locality is not given are 

 within this circle; in special cases within this circle, and in all 

 outside it, the exact location is given. 



The section usually worked by Messrs. A. T. Hoen, W. N. 

 Wholey, and myself, extends from Waverly, in the northern 

 part of Baltimore City, to Towson, and so through Dulaney's 

 Valley, across the lower half of Long Green Valley to the 

 Harford pike and back to Baltimore ; Mr. J. Hall Pleasants 

 working within it around Towson. 



Waverly has an elevation of 200 feet and Towson 500. 

 The lowest point in Dulaney's Valley is the level of Loch 

 Raven, 170 feet. The ridge between Dulaney's and Long 

 Green Valleys reaches 560 feet. Long Green Valley is all 

 above 250 feet. The Gunpowder River crosses this area in a 

 zigzag course, at nearly right angles, its banks, except in 

 Dulaney's Valley, being precipitous. Four miles of it consti- 

 tutes Loch Raven. 



Mr. Wm. H. Fisher's usual basis of observation is from 

 Mount Washington to Lutherville, including Lake Roland on 

 Jones Falls (230 feet above tide), and the Green Spring Valley, 

 which, starting at 260 feet, near Sherwood, gradually ascends as 



