OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. 53 



nearly fifty are stated to be strictly alpine, and many of these 

 are found also on alpine summits in Europe. Extended lists of 

 the plants occurring in the arctic-alpine zone of the m White 

 Mountains are to be found as indicated by the following refer- 

 ences : 



1874. Hitchcock's Geology of New Hampshire, vol. i, p. 

 392, 394, 568, 572. 



1895. Miller, G. S. Proc. Boston Society of Natural His- 

 tory, vol. 26, p. 178-179. 



1900. Among the Clouds, vol. 24, no. 13, p. 3. 



Summary. From the foregoing it is seen that the principal 

 faunal areas of New Hampshire are the Transition and the Can- 

 adian, the former including most of the valley land of the south- 

 ern part of the state up to about 600 feet, as well as long tongues 

 of country in the Connecticut and the White Mountain valleys ; 

 the Canadian comprising much of the wooded area of the state 

 from about 600 feet up to about 4, 500 feet on the mountains. A 

 mere trace of an Upper Austral fauna is sometimes observed in 

 the lower valleys, and on the coast at our southeast border, but 

 forms no stable element of the fauna. The Hudsonian zone is 

 limited to a narrow belt of stunted fir and spruce growth on the 

 White Mountains from about 4,500 feet to 5,000 feet, and may 

 also include a few small areas in the extreme northern part of 

 the state. Its avifauna, so far as known, consists only of such 

 species as are common also to the upper Canadian zone. Final- 

 ly on the extreme summits of the higher White Mountains, 

 above 5,000 feet, is a " barren ground " arctic-alpine zone, pos- 

 sessing no large characteristic animals, but yet supporting a 

 number of small arctic plants as well as high northern insects. 



