56 COMPARATIVE ANATOMY. 



large, easily dilateable, 'crop' (pinned to the right in the pre- 

 paration). A short passage leads thence to the stomach, a small 

 muscular organ which has been called ' gizzard,' from its muscu- 

 larity. Close to, and opening into, the stomach is the spiral 

 caecum; a little beyond this the intestine receives the duct 

 of the liver, and then proceeds in an upward direction to 

 the anus, which is situated near the ' funnel.' The liver is a 

 large globular organ, containing within its substance the inkbag, 

 the duct of which opens- into the intestine near the anus. There 

 are two sets of salivary glands. The uppermost are closely 

 attached to the under surface of the buccal mass, and open by a 

 single duct into the oesophagus. The lower pair are larger and 

 have each a duct, which shortly unite to form a common canal, 

 opening into the buccal mass at the base of the tongue. 



On either side of the lower part of the preparation are the 

 branchiae, each with its venous heart attached. The great ven- 

 ous trunk has been removed, but the cut end of one of the two 

 veins that u?nite to form* it has been stitched back in the centre 

 of the preparation. A piece of red glass indicates the aorta. 

 On the left of this is the great pallial ganglion, from which 

 numerous nerves may be seen radiating into the substance of 

 the mantle. Between tbe two venous hearts, arching over the 

 systemic heart, are the two venae cavae, furnished with clusters 

 of 'spongy cellular bodies/ At the bottom of the preparation 

 is the ovary, with its ducts, of which one is pinned out to the 

 right. 



91. Circulatory system of the same species. The arterial 

 portion has been injected with blue. The systemic heart is in 

 the centre; on either side of it are the venous dilatations into 

 which the blood is received from the branchiae, prior to its 

 reception by the ventricle. Pinned on the right and left sides 

 of the preparation, and uninjected, are the pulmonary hearts, 

 with their so-called ' appendages.' From the systemic ventricle 

 the anterior and posterior aortas may be seen passing respectively 

 upwards and downwards. 



From a specimen taken at Wey mouth. 



