104 CUNEIFORM BONES. 



the long articular border forwards, the concave surface will point to 

 the side corresponding with the foot to which it belongs. 



The convex surface is internal and free, and assists in* forming the 

 inner border of the foot, the concave is external, and in apposition 

 with the middle cuneiform and second metatarsal bone ; the long 

 farder articulates with the metatarsal bone of the great toe, and the 

 short border with the scaphoid bone. The small extremity (edge) is 

 sharp, and the larger extremity (base) rounded into a broad tube- 

 rosity. 



Articulations. With four bones ; scaphoid, middle cuneiform, and 

 first two metatarsal bones. 



Attachment of Muscles. To the tibialis anticus, and posticus. 



The MIDDLE CUNEIFORM is the smallest of the three; it is wedge- 

 shaped, the broad extremity being placed upwards, and the sharp end 

 downwards in the foot. It presents for examination four articular 

 surfaces and two extremities. The anterior and posterior surfaces 

 have nothing worthy of remark. One of the lateral surfaces has a 

 long articular facet, extending its whole length, for the internal cunei- 

 form ; the oilier has only a partial articular facet for the external 

 cuneiform bone. 



If the bone be held so that the square extremity look upwards, 

 the broadest side of the square being towards the holder, the small 

 and partial articular surface will point to the side to which the bone 

 belongs. 



Articulations. With four bones ; scaphoid, internal and external 

 cuneiform, and second metatarsal bone. 



Attadiment of Muscles. To the flexor brevi's pollicis. 



The EXTERNAL CUNEIFORM is intermediate in size between the 

 two preceding, and placed, like the middle, with the broad end up- 

 wards and the sharp extremity downwards. It presents for examina- 

 tion five surfaces, and a superior and inferior extremity. The upper 

 extremity is flat, of an oblong square form, and bevelled posteriorly, at 

 the expense of the outer surface, into a sharp edge. 



If the bone be held so that the square extremity look upwards and 

 the sharp border backwards, the bevelled surface will point to the side 

 corresponding with the foot to which the bone belongs. 



Articulations. With six bones; scaphoid, middle cuneiform, cuboid, 

 and second, third, and fourth metatarsal bones. 



Attachment of Muscles. To the flexor brevis pollicis. 



The CUBOID BONE is irregularly cuboid in form, and marked upon 

 its under surface by a deep groove, for the tendon of the peroneus 

 iongus muscle. It presents for examination six surfaces, three articular 

 and three non-articular. The non-articular surfaces are the superior, 

 which is slightly convex, and assists in forming the dorsum of the 



