

FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS. 237 



Dissection. These muscles are brought into view by making an in- 

 cision through the integument along the middle line of the fore-arm, 

 crossing each extremity by a transverse incision, and turning aside the 

 flaps. The superficial and deep fascia are then to be removed. 



The PRONATOR RADII TERES arises by two heads; one from the 

 inner condyle of the humerus, fascia of the fore-arm, and intermuscular 

 aponeurosis ; the other, from the coronoid process of the ulna ; the me- 

 dian nerve passing between them. Its tendon is flat and inserted into 

 the middle third of the oblique ridge of the radius. The two heads of 

 this muscle are best examined by cutting through that which arises 

 from the inner condyle, and turning it aside. The second head will 

 then be seen with the median nerve lying across it. 



Relations. By its anterior surface with the fascia of the fore-arm, 

 the supinator longus, extensor carpi radialis longior and brevior, radial 

 artery and veins, and radial nerve. By its posterior surface with the 

 brachialis anticus, flexor sublirais digitorum, the ulnar artery and 

 veins, and the median nerve after it has passed between the two 

 heads of the muscle. By its upper border it forms the inner boundary 

 of the triangular space, in which the termination of the brachial artery 

 is situated. By its lower border it is in relation with the flexor carpi 

 radialis. 



The FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS arises from the inner condyle and 

 from the intermuscular fascia. Its tendon passes through a groove 

 formed by the scaphoid bone and trapezium, to be inserted into the 

 base of the metarcarpal bone of the index finger. 



Relations. By its anterior surface with the fascia of the fore-arm, 

 and at the wrist with the tendinous canal through which its tendon 

 passes. By its posterior surface with the flexor sublimis digitorum, 

 flexor longus pollicis, wrist-joint, and groove in the scaphoid and tra- 

 pezium bones. By its outer border with the pronator radii teres, and 

 radial artery and veins. By its inner border with the palmaris longus. 

 The tendon is surrounded by a synovial membrane where it plays 

 through the tendinous canal of the wrist. 



The PALMARIS LONGUS is a small muscle which arises from the 

 inner condyle, and from the intermuscular fascia. It is inserted into 

 the annular ligament and palmar fascia. Occasionally this muscle is 

 wanting. 



Relations. By its anterior surface with the fascia of the fore-arm, 

 By the posterior surface with the flexor sublimis digitorum ; to the 

 external side by the flexor carpi radialis ; and to the internal side by 

 the flexor carpi ulnaris. 



Cut the flexor carpi radialis and palmaris longus from their origins, 

 in order to obtain a good view of the whole extent of origin of the 

 flexor sublimis digitorum. 



The FLEXOR SUBLIMIS DIGITORUM (perforatus) arises from the 

 inner condyle, internal lateral ligament, coronoid process of the ulna, 

 and oblique line of the radius. The median nerve and ulnar artery 

 pass between its origins. It divides into four tendons, which pass be- 



