MUSCLES OF THE GLUTEAL REGION. 251 



Plantar Region. 

 1st Layer. 3rd Layer. 



Abductor pollicis, Flexor brevis pollicis, 



Abductor minimi digiti, Adductor pollicis, 



Flexor brevis digitorum. Flexor brevis minimi digiti, 



Transversus pedis. 

 2nd Layer. 



Museums accessorius, 4th Layer ' 



Lumbricales. Interossei plantares. 



GLUTEAL REGION. 



Gluteus maximus, Obturator internus, 



Gluteus medius, Gemellus inferior, 



Gluteus minimus, Obturator externus, 



Pyriformis, Quadratus femoris. 

 Gemellus superior, 



Dissection. The subject being turned on its face, and a block 

 placed beneath the os pubis to support the pelvis, the student commences 

 the dissection of this region, by carrying an incision from the apex of 

 the coccyx along the crest of the ilium to its anterior superior spinous 

 process ; or vice versa, if he be on the left side. He then makes an 

 incision from the posterior fifth of the crest of the ilium, to the apex 

 of the trochanter major, this marks the upper border of the gluteus 

 maximus ; and a third incision from the apex of the coccyx along the 

 fleshy margin of the lower border of the gluteus maximus, to the outer 

 side of the thigh, about four inches below the apex of the trochanter 

 major. He then reflects the integument, superficial fascia, and deep 

 fascia, which latter is very thin over this muscle, from the gluteus 

 maximus, following rigidly the course of its fibres ; and having ex- 

 posed the muscle in its entire extent, he dissects the integument and 

 superficial fascia from off the deep fascia which binds down the gluteus 

 medius, the other portion of this region. 



The GLUTEUS MAXIMUS (yXovrof, nates) is the thick, fleshy mass 

 of muscle, of a quadrangular shape, which forms the convexity of the 

 nates. In structure, it is extremely coarse, being made up of large 

 fibres, which are collected into fasciculi, and these again into distinct 

 muscular masses, separated by deep cellular furrows. It arises from 

 the posterior fifth of the crest of the ilium, from the posterior surface 

 of the sacrum and coccyx, and from the great sacro-ischiatic ligament. 

 It passes obliquely outwards and downwards, to be inserted into the 

 rough line leading from the trochanter major to the linea aspera, and 

 is continuous by means of its tendon with the fascia lata covering the 

 outer side of the thigh. A large bursa is situated between the broad 

 tendon of this muscle and the femur. 



